fluids

Question 1

Intracellular fluid (ICF)
accounts for ____ of our total body weight

Answer 1

2/3

Question 2

isotonic solution examples

Answer 2

*Lactated Ringer (LR)
*0.9% Sodium Chloride *Normal Saline (NS)
*Dextrose 5% in water (D5w)
*most common

Question 3

describe hypotonic solutions

Answer 3

*rehydrating solutions
*The fluid shifts from the intravascular space (vessels) to the interstitial space
*This decreases the interstitial space osmolarity which then causes fluid to move into the cells.
*Can be dangerous to use because of the sudden fluid shift from the intravascular space to the cells

Question 4

hypertonic solutions, what are they?

Answer 4

*Have a higher concentration than serum (Packed with Particles)
*blood volume expander that draws fluids into the vascular space
*Draws water out of cells= cells will shrink.
*The fluid shifts from the interstitial space to the intravascular space
*least common

Question 5

examples of hypertonic solutions

Answer 5

*3% Saline
*Dextrose 5% & anything else
*10% Dextrose
*Blood products
*total parenteral nutrition (TPN)

Question 6

symptoms of fluid volume deficit

Answer 6

*increased, weak pulse (thready)
*increased respirations
*Increased temp
*Cool extremities (vasoconstriction to shunt to vital organs)
*low BP
*Dry mucous membranes
*Weight loss
*Fatigue
*Update provider and suggest increase of fluids

Question 7

symptoms of fluid volume excess

Answer 7

*increased, bounding pulse
*Increased BP
*Increased respirations, shallow
*Increased pulse (strong/bounding)
*Increased rapid weight gain
*Vein distention
*Tachycardia
*Wet Lungs, Crackles
*skin = cool
*Edema
*Contact provider to suggest decrease rate of fluids through IV (need order before you can do that)

Question 8

how often to assess IV site?

Answer 8

at least every shift and throughout infusion

Question 9

what must you do with current running infusions?

Answer 9

check compatibility

Question 10

iv site/catheters: change every _____

Answer 10

96 hours

Question 11

IV fluid bags are good for ____

Answer 11

24 hours

Question 12

continuous IV tubing should be changed _____

Answer 12

every 96 hours-7 days

Question 13

intermittent infusion tubing should be changed ___

Answer 13

every 24 hours

Question 14

symptoms of infiltration/extravasation?

Answer 14

*Swelling
*Skin cool, firm, & pale, *sluggish infusion

Question 15

symptoms of phlebitis?

Answer 15

*Localized at insertion site and follows course of vein
*Warmth, redness, edema
*Palpable Cord-like vein
*Pain or tenderness along the vein

Question 16

Never deliver more than ______ of O2 to patient with COPD. May go up with MD order

Answer 16

2L/min