Fluoro/GI/Surgical Studies Flashcards
(144 cards)
1
Q
The biliary system’s main function is to drain waste products from the liver into the:
A
Duodenum
2
Q
2 main functions of bile
A
-Carry waste away
-Break down fats during digestion
3
Q
Cholelithiasis
A
Gallstones
4
Q
Duodenoscope with camera enters the duodenum and places a wire through the papilla
A
ERCP
5
Q
Patient position for surgical cholangiogram
A
Fowler’s (revers Trendelenburg)
6
Q
Surgical removal of the gallbladder
A
Cholecystectomy
7
Q
Contrast used for Myelography
A
nonionic water-soluble
8
Q
Puncture site for c-spine myelogram
A
C1-C2
9
Q
HSG should be scheduled within:
A
7-10 days after the start of menstruation
10
Q
Structures outside peritoneum
A
Retroperitoneal; kidneys/ureters
11
Q
Structures within the peritoneum
A
Intraperitoneal; Distal ureters, bladder, urethra
12
Q
Halfway between xiphoid and iliac crest
A
kidney
13
Q
Kidney location
A
Between T11/12 and L3
14
Q
Renal veins carry filtered blood from the kidneys to the:
A
inferior vena cava
15
Q
Renal arteries carry unfiltered blood from the ____ to the kidneys
A
Aorta
16
Q
The ureters begin at the _____ of the kidneys
A
uretopelvic junction (UPJ)
17
Q
Ureters attach to the bladder at the:
A
Ureterovesical junction
18
Q
Ureters enter the bladder at the ____ border
A
Posterior lateral
19
Q
IVU: involves water soluble contrast injected via:
A
IV
20
Q
IVU is a [functional/structural] [retrograde/antegrade] procedure
A
Functional; antegrade
21
Q
Glucophage and metformin are contraindicated for:
A
IVU
22
Q
Obliquity for IVU
A
30 degrees
23
Q
Centering for IVU
A
Iliac crest 2 inches midline
24
Q
Kidney demonstrated on LPO
A
Right
25
Ureter demonstrated on RPO
Right
26
Positional change of kidneys
Nephroptosis
27
Post-void IVU is typically done in ___ position
Erect (recumbent AP/PA alternative)
28
Placement for compression on IVU
Outer pelvic brim at ASIS
29
Compression on IVU should be positioned over:
Distal ureters and psoas muscles
30
Dilation of the draining system of kidney
hydronephrosis
31
Two ureters coming from a single kidney
Duplex kidney
32
Two kidneys fused together
Horseshoe kidney
33
A condition where the kidney descends more than two vertebral bodies from supine to upright
Nephroptosis
34
Most common type of kidney cancer in children
Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)
35
Examination of the bladder via a urethral catheter
Cystography
36
Cystography is a [functional/structural] [retrograde/antegrade] procedure
Structural; retrograde
37
AP cystogram CR centering
2" superior to pubic symphysis
38
AP axial cystogram CR centering
10-15 degrees caudal 2" above pubic symphysis
39
Obliquity for cystogram
45-60 degrees
40
Oblique cystogram demonstrates:
posterior aspect of bladder
41
CR for lateral cystogram
2 inches superior and posterior to pubic symphysis
42
Supportive tissue around the bladder and vaginal wall weaken and stretch, allowing the bladder and vaginal wall to fall into the vaginal canal
cystocele
43
abnormal opening or connection between urinary tract organ and nearby organ
urinary fistula
44
VCUG male position
30 degree RPO
45
VCUG female position
AP
46
Vesicoureteral reflux (urinary reflux) can be demonstrated on:
VCUG
47
Retrograde urography evaluates:
Male urethra
48
RUG is a [functional/structural] [retrograde/antegrade] procedure
structural; retrograde
49
Dysphagia
Difficulty swallowing
50
Obliquity for routine esophagram
35-40 degree RAO
51
Dysphasia
difficulty speaking
52
CR for RAO esophagram
2 inches lateral to MSP at T5-6
53
Esophagus position on ROA/lateral
between vertebrae and heart
54
Esophagus position on LAO
Midway between spine and hilar region
55
Normal tissue lining of esophagus changes to tissue that resembles the lining of the intestine
Barrett's esophagus
56
dilates sub-mucosal veins in the lower third of the esophagus
esophageal varices
57
Patient takes in deep breath and holds breath while bearing down as if tryin to move the bowels
Valsalva
58
Patient exhales, the tries to inhale against a closed glottis
Mueller
59
Water test for esophagram is done is ___ position
LPO
60
Modified barium swallow (CINE) evaluates for:
aspiration
60
Occurs when upper part of stomach bulges through diaphragm
Hiatal hernia
61
Mass formed by ingestion of hair
Bezoar
62
Pediatric UGI evaluates for:
Malrotation
63
CR for AP UGI (Sthenic)
L1 (lower costal margin)
64
recommended kvp for barium work
110 (half mAs)
65
CR for AP UGI (Hypersthenic)
2 inches above L1
66
CR for AP UGI (Asthenic)
2 inches below L1
67
Barium is in the ____ on AP recumbent position
fundus
68
CR for PA UGI (sthenic)
L1 1 inch left of the vertebral column
69
Barium in the ____ on PA (prone) UGI
body and pylorus
70
Obliquity for RAO UGI (sthenic)
45-55 degrees
71
Obliquity for RAO UGI (asthenic)
40 degrees
72
Obliquity for RAO UGI (hypersthenic)
70
73
For UGI, larger body habitus = ____ oblique
Steeper
74
CR for RAO UGI (sthenic)
L1 midway between spine and upside lateral border
75
Barium in the ____ on RAO UGI
body and pylorus
76
CR for right lateral UGI (sthenic)
L1 1-1.5 inches anterior to MCP
77
Evaluated on right lateral UGI
space behind stomach (retrogastric space)
78
Obliquity for LPO UGI (hypersthenic)
60 degrees
79
Obliquity for LPO UGI (sthenic)
45 degrees
80
Obliquity for LPO UGI (asthenic)
30
81
____ done if RAO cannot be done for UGI
LPO
82
____ viewed in LPO UGI
duodenal bulb
83
____ filled with barium on LPO UGI
fundus
84
Duodenal bulb location on hypersthenic
T11-12
85
Duodenal bulb location on sthenic
L1-2
86
Duodenal bulb location on hyposthenic/asthenic
L3-4
87
3 portions of small bowel in order
duodenum, jejunum, iluem
88
extends from pyloric sphincter to ileocecal valve
small intestine
89
C-shaped appearance (small intestine); smallest and widest portion
Duodenum
90
Quadrant that contains duodenum
RUQ
91
Location of ligament of Treitz
duodenum
92
Location of jejunum
LUQ/LLQ
93
"feathery appearance" part of small intestine
Jejunum
94
longest portion of small bowel
Ileum
95
Location for ileum
RUQ/RLQ/LLQ
96
Evaluates stomach, small intestine, and terminal ileum
SBFT
97
Time calculations for SBFT start when:
Patient starts drinking (30 minute average intervals)
98
1st image SBFT must contain:
top of stomach (2" above crest - L2)
99
All images (after first) taken at ____ in SBFT
iliac crest
100
All images done ____ in SBFT
Prone
101
Distal end of small intestine
TI (terminal ileum)
102
Main area for absorption in small intestine
Jejunum
103
Lines the walls of the small intestine o absorb nutrients
Villi
104
Acidic fluid that passes from the stomach to the small intestine, consisting of gastric juices and partly digested food
Chyme
105
Haustra are located in the:
Large intestine
106
Major function of the large intestine
Absorbing water
107
Responsible for the synthesis and absorption on vitamins B/K and amino acids
Large intestine
108
Small pouches in the lining of the colon become inflamed/infected
Diverticulitis
109
Small, bulging pouches form in the lining of the colon
Diverticulosis
110
Patient prep for BE
-light evening meal
-bowel cleansing cathartics
-NPO after midnight (minimum 8 hours)
111
Temperature for water for BE
Room temp
112
Position for BE tip insertion
Sim's
113
Patient on left side, right leg flexed
Sim's
114
Max enema bag height above table
24"
115
___ barium used for double-contrast BE
Thicker
116
Contrast used if concern for perforation
Water-soluble
117
-PA/AP
-AP axial sigmoid
-LPO and RPO (or LAO/RAO)
-Lateral rectum recumbent
-AP post evac
Single BE routine
118
-AP/PA
-AP axial sigmoid
-Right and left decub
-X-table lateral rectum
-AP post evac
Double BE routine
119
AP/PA BE CR (single or double contrast)
iliac crest
120
____ filled with barium on PA BE
Transverse colon
121
Transverse colon sits:
Anterior
122
Obliquity for BE
35-45 degrees
123
CR for LPO/RPO BE
To iliac crest and 1" lateral to elevated side of MSP
124
LPO BE demonstrates:
open right colic flexure (hepatic)
125
Ascending and rectosigmoid colon open on:
LPO BE
126
RPO BE demonstrates:
Open left colic flexure
127
Open descending colon visualized on:
RPO BE
128
[upside/downside] colic flexures visualized on posterior obliques
Upside
129
CR for LAO and RAO BE
Iliac crest, 1 inch to left of MSP
130
Anterior obliques on BE demonstrate [upside/downside]
downside
131
AP axial LPO obliquity (BE) (double or single contrast)
30-40 degrees
132
AP axial "butterfly" (angled sigmoid) CR (double or single contrast)
30-40 cephalad 2 inches inferior to ASIS
133
PA axial (angled sigmoid) CR (single or double contrast)
30-40 caudad 2 inches inferior to ASIS
134
Lateral rectum CR
ASIS midaxillary plane
135
_____ filled with barium in supine position
ascending/descending colon
136
Right and left decubs done on [single/double] contrast BE
Double (air-fluid levels)
137
demonstrated on BE right lateral decub
medial side of ascending colon, lateral side of descending colon
138
CR for lateral decub BE
L4/iliac crest
139
Demonstrates medial side of descending colon and lateral side of ascending colon on BE
Left lateral decub
140
AP/PA Postevac BE CR
Iliac crest
140
____ flexure always higher
Left
141
Double contrast PA axial/ RAO oblique CR
30-40 caudad at ASIS
142
PA axial oblique double-contrast BE
RAO 35-45 degrees
