FMST 203 Respitory

Question 1

What is the thorax (chest cavity)?

Answer 1

A bony cage formed by the sternum, costal cartilages, ribs and thoracic vertebrae.

Question 2

What is the diaphragm?

Answer 2

Primary muscle of respirations.

Question 3

What are the intercostal muscles?

Answer 3

External: Aids In quiet and forced inhalation.
Internal: Aids in forced expirations.

Question 4

What is the pleura?

Answer 4

A thin membrane.

Question 5

What is the parietal pleura?

Answer 5

A thin membrane that lines the inner side of the thoracic cavity

Question 6

What is the visceral pleura?

Answer 6

A thin membrane that lines the outer surface of the lungs.

Question 7

How’s many lobes does the left and right lung have?

Answer 7

Left is two lobe, right is three.

Question 8

What are alveoli?

Answer 8

Small saclike structures that exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen.

Question 9

What is the mediastinum?

Answer 9

The area in the middle of the thoracic cavity where organs and structures of the chest cavity lie.

Question 10

What is wheezing?

Answer 10

Whistling sounds, caused by movement of air in a narrow airway.

Question 11

What is stridor?

Answer 11

A harsh shrill sound.

Question 12

What is apnea?

Answer 12

Total cessation of breathing, or respiratory arrest.

Question 13

What is dyspnea?

Answer 13

Difficult or labored breathing

Question 14

What is bradypnea?

Answer 14

Slow rate of respirations less than 8.

Question 15

What is tachypnea?

Answer 15

Abnormal rapid breathing.

Question 16

What is hypoxia?

Answer 16

Insufficient amount of oxygen.

Question 17

What is subcutaneous emphysema?

Answer 17

The presence of free air or gas in the the subcutaneous tissue. “Rice Krispies”

Question 18

What is hyperventilations?

Answer 18

An increase in the rate and depth of normal respirations.

Question 19

What is hypoventilations?

Answer 19

Loss of ventilatory drive from decreased neurological functions most often after a TBI.

Question 20

What is penetrating trauma?

Answer 20

Forced distributed over a small area. Often organs are injured.

Question 21

What is blunt trauma?

Answer 21

Caused by forces distributed over a large area.

Question 22

What is a rib fracture?

Answer 22

When pressure applied exceeds the strength of the ribs.

Question 23

How would you treat rib fractures?

Answer 23

Anticipate potential complications,

If multiple rib fractures, immobilize it. Encourage coughing and deep breaths and monitor.

Question 24

What is a flail chest and how do you treat it?

Answer 24

Blunt trauma to the chest wall. Immobilize flail segment, if respiratory failure give positive pressure ventilation, administer analgesics and oxygen if available. TACEVAC

Question 25

What is pneumothorax and how would you treat it?

Answer 25

Caused by the presence of sir in the pleural space. Placed in supine position, use BVM if hypoxia do present, and monitor for tension pneumothorax. TACEVAC.

Question 26

What is tension pneumothorax?

Answer 26

Air enters the pleural space and cannot escape by the route of entry.

Question 27

What are the early signs of tension pneumothorax?

Answer 27

Unilateral Decreased or absent breath sounds Dyspnea Tachypnea

Question 28

What are the late signs?

Answer 28

JVD, Tracheal Deviation, signs of a cute hypoxia, narrow pulse pressure, signs of uncompensated shock.

Question 29

What are the treatments for tension pneumothorax?

Answer 29

Needle D, pain management. TACEVAC.

Question 30

What is hemothorax?

Answer 30

The accumulation of blood in the pleural space.

Question 31

How would you treat hemothorax?

Answer 31

Supine position, treat chest injuries, pain and shock. Administer O2 and TACEVAC.

Question 32

What is open pneumothorax?

Answer 32

When air or gas in the pleural space causes the lung to collapse because of an open wound allows air to enter.

Question 33

How would you treat an open pneumothorax?

Answer 33

Chest seal, assess and monitor for signs of tension pneumothorax. Pain management and TACEVAC

Question 34

What are some of the complications of a needle d?

Answer 34

Hemothorax, cardiac tamponade, subcutaneous emphysema, and misdiagnosis.