FMST 208 Splinting

Question 1

What is a strain?

Answer 1

Injury to muscle/tendon from over stretching or exertion.

Question 2

What is a sprain?

Answer 2

Injury resulting in tearing or stretching of ligaments.

Question 3

What are the three grades of sprains?

Answer 3

1. Small stretching and tear.
2. Partial tear.
3. Full tear of ligament.

Question 4

What is a dislocation?

Answer 4

Displacement of bones at the joints resulting in abnormal stretching.

Question 5

What are some of the signs and symptoms of Sprains, Strains, Dislocations?

Answer 5

Tenderness, burning sensation, deformities, pain, edema, decreased rom, immobilization of the joints.

Question 6

What are some of the treatments for strains?

Answer 6

Strapping or bandaging with ACE or athletic tape. Immobilize by splinting, R.I.C.E, Pain management, and CASEVAC.

Question 7

What are some treatments for Sprains?

Answer 7

Strapping, Bandaging, RICE, Pain Management, and CASEVAC.

Question 8

How would you treat a dislocation?

Answer 8

Splints, pain management, CASEVAC, only attempt to reduce the dislocation of properly trained.

Question 9

What can be some complications that may occurs with strains, sprains, and dislocations?

Answer 9

Hemorrhage, Nerve Damage, Permanent Decreased in ROM, and weakness in associated muscles.

Question 10

What is a transverse fracture?

Answer 10

Fracture line that perpendicular.

Question 11

What is a linear fracture?

Answer 11

Fracture is one think line.

Question 12

What is a oblique (non displaced) fracture?

Answer 12

Fracture that completely breaks without the movement of bone.

Question 13

What is a oblique (displaced) fracture?

Answer 13

Completely breaks the bone with movement out of the anatomical position.

Question 14

What is a spiral fracture?

Answer 14

Complete break, occurs to a rotational or twisting force. Also known as torsion fracture.

Question 15

What is a green stick fracture?

Answer 15

Fracture bending the bone and eventually cracks.

Question 16

What is a comminuted fracture?

Answer 16

Multiple breaks in different spots on same bone.

Question 17

What is an open fracture?

Answer 17

Bone may not protrude, but skin will be broken with exposed tissue.

Question 18

What is a closed fracture?

Answer 18

Broken bones that don’t compromise the skin. Tissue may be damaged along with hemorrhage from damage of veins and arteries.

Question 19

What are some of the signs and symptoms of fractures?

Answer 19

Deformity, Contusion, Edema, Pain, Exposed bones, Crepitus and etc…

Question 20

How do you treat a fracture?

Answer 20

MARCH, PMS, Immobilize, Recheck PMS, Pain Management, Document, Monitor, CASEVAC.

Question 21

What are the five types of splints

Answer 21

RIFAM: Rigid, Improvised, Formable, Anatomical, Manufactured.

Question 22

What’s a rigid splint?

Answer 22

Cannot change shape, body fits splints, secure with cravat.

Question 23

What’s a formable splint?

Answer 23

Moldable, secure with wrap or cravat.

Question 24

What is a improvised splint?

Answer 24

Whatever works for the patient and the provider.

Question 25

What is an anatomical splint?

Answer 25

Use body as splint.

Question 26

What is a manufactured splint?

Answer 26

Specific injury splints.

Question 27

What is a sling and swathe?

Answer 27

Sling suspends from the neck to support the upper extremity. Swathe is a clothe used to immobilize a fracture.

Question 28

How do you treat a jaw fracture?

Answer 28

Modified Barton Splint.

Question 29

How do you treat a clavicle fracture?

Answer 29

Figure 8 bandage and use sling and swathe.

Question 30

How do you treat humerus fracture?

Answer 30

Upper arm: pad and bandage to body. | Middle of upper arm: splint outside of arm, secure and sling.

Question 31

How to you treat a forearm fracture?

Answer 31

Two splints above and believe forearm, cover from wrist to elbow and support with sling.

Question 32

How do you treat a wrist/hand fracture?

Answer 32

Splint, Volar side, leaving fingers exposed, and support with sling.

Question 33

How do you treat a rib fracture?

Answer 33

Single fracture: immobilize using arm, sling and secure with bandage. Multiple: immobilize flail segments with tape, and box method.

Question 34

How do you treat a pelvic fracture?

Answer 34

Position of comfort, padding between legs, pelvic binder, ties knees and ankles.

Question 35

How to you treat femur fractures?

Answer 35

Anatomical splint, splint 4 places (thighs, upper lower knee, and foot), sconsider traction splint.

Question 36

How do you treat a patella fracture?

Answer 36

Comfortable position, splint underneath the leg, and immobilize in the four places.

Question 37

How do you treat lower leg fracture?

Answer 37

Use Sam splint using U method and wrap.

Question 38

How do you treat ankle foot fracture?

Answer 38

PMS, figure 8 and cravat.

Question 39

How do you treat a spinal fracture?

Answer 39

Immobilize head to toe, c-collar, maintain and monitor abc. Use spine board if available.