Food

Question 1

Define biomolecules

Answer 1

Chemicals that are made in a living thing

Question 2

Give reasons why organisms need food

Answer 2

1. As a source of energy
2. To make chemicals needed for metabolic reactions
3. Growth and repair

Question 3

What are the elements found in carbohydrates?

Answer 3

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Question 4

What are the 3 different types of carbohydrates

Answer 4

1. Monosaccharides
2. Disaccharides
3. Polysacchrarides

Question 5

What is the smallest form of carbohydrates?

Answer 5

Glucose

Question 6

List sources of carbohydrates

Answer 6

1. Potatoes
2. Rice
3. Bread
4. Pasta
5. Fruits

Question 7

What is the Structural role of carbohydrates in plants?

Answer 7

Cellulose is used to form plant cell walls

Question 8

What is the metabolic role of carbohydrates

Answer 8

1. Glucose is broken down in respiration to make energy
2. Glucose is made in photosynthesis

Question 9

What elements are found in Lipids

Answer 9

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Question 10

What is the structure of a Lipid? (Triglyceride)

Answer 10

One glycerol molecule linked to 3 fatty acids

Question 11

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Answer 11

One glycerol molecule linked to 2 fatty acids and a phosphate molecule

Question 12

What are some sources of lipids?

Answer 12

1. Butter
2. Oils
3. Fat on meat
4. Cream

Question 13

Structural role of lipids

Answer 13

1. Insulate the body
2. Strengthen cell membranes
3. Store energy

Question 14

Metabolic role of lipids

Answer 14

Can be broken down in respiration to release energy

Question 15

What are the elements found in Protein?

Answer 15

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Question 16

What is the smallest form of proteins

Answer 16

Amino acids

Question 17

Sources of protein

Answer 17

Meat, eggs, fish, nuts, milk

Question 18

The difference between Fibrous and Globular protein

Answer 18

Fibrous = Shows little to no folding. Form fibres and are strong and tough. E.g keratin in hair, nails and feathers

Globular = Shows lots of folding. Forms rounded shapes. E.g egg white

Question 19

Structural role of proteins

Answer 19

Keratin is found in skin and hair.
Myosin is found in muscle

Question 20

Metabolic role of proteins

Answer 20

Proteins are used as enzymes to control reactions

Question 21

What are the 2 types of vitamins and examples of both

Answer 21

Water (vitamin C) and fat (vitamin D) soluble vitamins

Question 22

Metabolic role of Vitamin C

Answer 22

1. Formation of connective tissue
2. Growth and maintenance of bones and teeth
3. Help wounds to heal
4. Help immune system to function properly

Question 23

A disease and symptoms caused by Vitamin C deficiency

Answer 23

Disease: Scurvy
Symptoms: 1. Poor healing of skin
2. Bleeding under skin
3. Old wounds open up
4. Bleeding gums w/ loose teeth

Question 24

Metabolic role of Vitamin D

Answer 24

1. Helps absorb calcium

Question 25

A disease and symptoms caused by a deficiency of Vitamin D

Answer 25

Disease: Rickets in children, Osteomalacia in adults Symptoms: Deformed bones that tend to break easily

Question 26

Why are minerals needed by plants and animals?

Answer 26

1. To form body structures like bones and cell walls 2. To make soft body parts like muscle 3. To form salts in cell and body fluids 4. To form biomolecules such as haemoglobin

Question 27

Name a mineral for both plants and animal, its source, and its use

Answer 27

Plants: Magnesium, salts in the soil, helps form chlorophyll Animal: Iron, liver/meat/green vegetables, helps form haemoglobin

Question 28

What is water essential for?

Answer 28

1. Component of cytoplasm and body fluids 2. Good solvent 3. Participates in chemical reactions 4. Movement through membranes 5. Absorbs heat

Question 29

Define anabolic reactions

Answer 29

Use energy to convert smaller molecules into larger molecules

Question 30

Define Catabolic reactions

Answer 30

Catabolic reactions release energy when a larger molecule is broken down into a smaller molecule

Question 31

What is used to test for the presence of sugar in food

Answer 31

Benedicts solution

Question 32

What is used to test for the presence of starch in food

Answer 32

Iodine solution

Question 33

What is used to test for the presence of lipids in food

Answer 33

Filter paper

Question 34

What is used to test for the presence of protein in food

Answer 34

Biuret solution