Food Nutrition and Security Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the definition of food security?
When all people, at all times, have physical, economic, and social access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and preferences for an active and healthy life.
What is nutrition security?
Ensures not just food access but intake of all necessary nutrients and biological use of food (requires good health and absence of disease).
What are the four pillars of food security?
Availability,
Access,
Utilization,
Stability.
What does the pillar ‘Availability’ refer to?
Adequate food supply at national/global level through production, trade, and distribution.
What does the pillar ‘Access’ mean in food security?
Financial and social ability of people to obtain food.
What does ‘Utilization’ mean in food security?
Proper use of food based on nutrition knowledge, sanitation, and health services to absorb nutrients.
What is meant by ‘Stability’ in food security?
Reliable access to food over time despite shocks like climate events, economic crises, or conflict.
8What are key determinants of food insecurity?
Poverty,
conflict,
climate change,
natural disasters, population growth,
food price volatility,
poor agricultural infrastructure,
social exclusion.
Give 3 examples of regions affected by food insecurity due to conflict or climate.
Yemen (conflict), Horn of Africa (droughts), and countries hit by the 2008 food price crisis.
What is chronic hunger and how many people are affected?
Long-term undernourishment; ~768 million people globally.
What is stunting and what does it indicate?
Low height-for-age; a sign of chronic malnutrition and food insecurity in children.
What percentage of under-5 children are stunted globally?
About 22%.
What are other key forms of undernutrition besides stunting?
Wasting (acute malnutrition) and underweight.
What is the purpose of the SOFI report?
Tracks hunger and food security globally and monitors progress toward SDG2.
What are food supply data used for?
Measuring national per capita food availability (e.g. calories/person) – useful for availability but not for distribution.
What are household surveys used for in food security?
Assessing food consumption and expenditure; includes tools like Dietary Diversity Scores and Food Consumption Scores.
What is anthropometry and how is it used in food security?
Measurement of physical indicators like stunting, wasting, underweight; shows outcomes of food insecurity.
What is an example of food being available but not accessible?
A country has enough food nationally, but poor people can’t afford it due to inequality.
What 4 strategies improve food availability and farmer incomes?
Supporting smallholders, improving yields, access to inputs, and climate-smart agriculture.
5What are economic interventions for food access?
Social safety nets,
food subsidies,
cash transfers,
ration cards,
emergency food aid.
4 What interventions improve utilization of food?
WASH investment, maternal nutrition education, breastfeeding promotion, and food fortification.
5 How is food security stability maintained?
Disaster risk reduction, early warning systems, crop insurance, grain reserves, and peacebuilding.
Which SDGs relate directly to food and nutrition security?
SDG2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG1 (No Poverty).
What global initiatives support food and nutrition security?
UN CFS, Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN), and national food security policies.
