Forearm

Question 1

How does supination and pronation occur?

Answer 1

The radius rotates around the ulnar

Question 2

What holds the ulna and the radius together?

Answer 2

The interossous membrane

Question 3

How can you tel the difference between the radius and the ulna?

Answer 3

The radius is bigger and longer

Question 4

What are the bones of the carpals in order?

Answer 4

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hammer

Question 5

What are the bones of the hand?

Answer 5

Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges (proximal, middle and distal)

Question 6

How many layers are there in the flexor compartment of the forearm

Answer 6

3

4-1=3

Question 7

How many layers are there in the extensor compartment of the forearm?

Answer 7

2

Question 8

What is pronation?

Answer 8

Medial rotation

Question 9

What are the muscles in the outer layer of the flexor compartment?

Answer 9

PASS FAIL PASS FAIL
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 10

What does the pronator teres do?

Answer 10

Connects the humerus and ulna to the radius

Pronates the arm

Question 11

What does the flexor carpi radialis do?

Answer 11

Arises medially from the epicondyle and inserts onto the metacarpals
Flexes and abducts the hand

Question 12

What does the pulmaris longus do?

Answer 12

Not present in everyone

Weak flexor of the wrist

Question 13

What does the flexor carpi ulnaris do?

Answer 13

Arises from the medial epicondyle of the humerus and inserts onto the carpals
Flexes and adducts the wrist

Question 14

Which muscle is in the middle layer of the flexor compartment?

Answer 14

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 15

What does the flexor digitorum superficialis do?

Answer 15

Arises from the medial epicondle and inserts onto the proximal phalanges and also the wrist
Flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joint

Question 16

What are the muscles in the deep layer of the flexor compartment?

Answer 16

Flexor pollicis longus (thumb)
Flexor digitorum profundus
Pronator Quadratus

Question 17

What does the flexor pollicis longus do?

Answer 17

Arises from the radius and inserts on to the distal phalynx of the thumb
Lies laterally to the digitorum profundus
Flexes the thumb and is a weak flexor of the wrist

Question 18

What does the flexor digitorum profundus do?

Answer 18

Arise from the ulna and inserts on to the distal phalanges
Passes through a hole in the superficialis to attach the phalanges
Flexes the fingers and the wrist

Question 19

What is the pronator Quadratus?

Answer 19

Square shaped muscle that crosses the radius and the ulnar near the wrist underneath the tendons of the digitorum profundus and the pollicus longus
Pronates the arm

Question 20

What are the muscles in the outer extensor compartment?

Answer 20

Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor digitorum
Extensor carpi radiallis brevis
Extensor carpo radiallis longus

Question 21

What does the anconeus do?

Answer 21

Arises from the epicondyle and inserts on to the ulnar

Stabilises the elbow

Question 22

What does the extensor carpi ulnaris do?

Answer 22

Most lateral muscle
Connects the humerus to the hand
Extends and adducts the wrist

Question 23

What does the extensor digit minimi do?

Answer 23

Arises from the lateral epicondyle and inserts on to the proximal phalynx of the little finger
Extends the little finger

Question 24

What does the extensor digitorum do?

Answer 24

Arises from the lateral epicondyle and inserts on to the distal phalanges
Extends the fingers

Question 25

What does the extensor carpi radialis brevis do?

Answer 25

Extends and abducts the wrist | Shorter and thicker than the extensor carpi radialis longus

Question 26

What does the extensor carpi radialis longus do

Answer 26

Arises from the humerus and inserts on to the 2nd metacarpal bone Extends the wrist and abducts the hand

Question 27

What are the muscles in the inner layer of the extensor compartment?

Answer 27

``` Extensor Indices Extensor Pollicis longus Extensor Pollicis brevis Abductor pollicus longus Supinator ```

Question 28

What does the extensor indices do?

Answer 28

Extension of the index finger

Question 29

What does the extensor pollicis longus do?

Answer 29

Inserts on to the distal thumb Extension of the thumb Bigger and thicker than the brevis

Question 30

What does the extensor pollicis brevis do?

Answer 30

Arises from the radius on to the proximal thumb | More medial than the longus

Question 31

What does the abductor pollicis brevis do?

Answer 31

Arises from the radius and inserts on to the proximal thumb | Abducts the thumb

Question 32

What does the supinator do?

Answer 32

Arises from the lateral side and crosses at an angle | Supinates the arm