Forearm and hand muscles Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are the 4 superficial anterior forearm muscles?
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
What is the common origin site for the superficial anterior, and what are the exceptions?
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Exception: Flexor carpi ulnaris also originates from the olecranon.
What are their corresponding insertions?
Pronator teres: lateral midshaft radius
Flexor carpi ulnaris: base of 2nd metacarpal
Palmaris longus: palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum.
Flexor carpi radias: pisiform
What is the muscle in the intermediate layer of anterior forearm?
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Where is the origin of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Where is the insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis
Middle phalanges digits 2-5
What are the 3 deep anterior muscles of the forearm?
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus
What is the origin of the flexor digitorum profundus
Ulna and interosseous membrane
What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus?
Base of distal phalanges 2-5
What is the origin of the flexor pollicis longus?
Anterior shaft of radius and interosseous membrane
What is the insertion of the flexor pollicis longus?
Base of distal phalanx of the thumb
What is the origin of the brachioradialis?
Lateral supracondylar ridge (above lateral condyle) of the Distal humerus
What is the origin and insertion of the pronator quadratus?
origin: distal anterior ulna
insertion: distal anterior radius
What is the insertion of the brachioradialis?
The base of the styloid process of the radius. DOES NOT cross the wrist
What is the action of the brachioradialis?
It is a flexor of the elbow
What are the 7 superficial extensor muscles in the forearm?
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor ulnaris
Anconeus (not assessed)
Brachioradialis
What is the common origin of the superficial extensor muscles and the exceptions?
The lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Except the brachioradialis and the extensor carpi radialis longus, which originates from the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerous, above the lateral epicondyle
What are the insertion points for extensor carpi radialis longus, brevis and ulnaris?
Base of 2nd, 3rd, and 5th metacarpal
What is the insertion point for the extensor digitorum?
distal phalanges 2-5
What is the insertion of the extensor digiti minimi?
proximal phalanx of the little finger
What are the muscles in the deep extensor layer of the posterior forearm?
Supinator
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor indicis
What is the origin and insertion of the supinator?
O: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and proximal ulna
I: Proximal radius
What is the origin and insertion of the abductor pollicis longus?
O: Posterior shaft of radius/ulna/interosseous membrane
I: Base of 1st metacarpal
What is the origin and insertion of the extensor pollicis brevis?
O: posterior shaft of radius/ulna/interosseous membrane
I: Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
