Renal and reproductive Flashcards
(22 cards)
Which kidney is higher?
Left
What are the 3 layers enclosing the kidney?
Renal Faschia
Adipose capsule
renal capsule
What is the external structure of the kidney called? What is it made of?
Renal cortex - Renal corpuscles, renal columns
Renal medulla - renal pyramids, henle’s loop, straight tubules
Describe the path of Urine production
Collecting duct -> Papillary duct -> minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis -> ureter -> urinary bladder
What is the extent of the ureter?
Renal pelvis to bladder
What is the muscle layer of the bladder called?
Detrusor muscle layer
What is the entrance between the bladder to the urethra called?
internal urethral orifice
What is the sphincter between the bladder and urethra called?
Internal urethral sphincter
Is there an external urethral sphincter? Is it voluntary?
Yes, located in the deep muscles of the peritoneum, posterior to the pubic symphysis. It is voluntarily controlled.
In females, what structure lies atop the bladder?
Uterus
What structure lies anterior to the bladder in men that women do not have?
Prostate gland.
What structures stem from the prostate in men?
Seminal vesicle, deferent ducts
In the urinary system, what differs between males and females?
The urethra is 5 times longer in males than females, and has 3 sections and combines the purpose of reproduction and urinary functions, while this is separate in females.
What are the 3 sections of the urethra in males?
Prostatic, intermediate and spongy urethra
What is the purpose of the prostatic urethra?
Located in the prostate, besides urine, it receives secretions important for sperm motility and viability factors and a substance that neutralises the pH of the urethra
What is the purpose of the intermediate urethra?
Passes through the peritoneum, the shortest section
What is the purpose of the spongy urethra?
Located within the penis, receives mucus and secretions that neutralises the pH of the urethra
Can you describe the external features of the female genitalia?
Mons Publis
Clitoris
Labia Majora
Urethra
Labia Minora
Hymen
Opening of the vagina
Describe the layers of the pelvic floor muscles from the most anterior to the most posterior
Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Illiococcygeus
Coccygeus
List the structures of the male reproductive system
Testes
Scrotum
epidydimis
Vas deference
Seminal vesicles
ejaculatory ducts
bulbourethral gland
single prostate
Urethra + penis
What is the purpose of the dartos and cremaster muscles?
Maintaining the temperature of the scrotum
