Foreign

Question 1

What were Catherines aims for foreign policy?

Answer 1

-aimed to continue large-scale expansion at expense of the Ottoman Empire
-Maintain dominance of Poland
-security against swedes, Prussians and Hapsburgs

Question 2

Impact of French revolution on Catherines foreign affairs?

Answer 2

(1798) Russia drove the French out of Italy and invaded Switzerland
–> failed in the end due to lack of Austrian ally support but more concerned with Poland

Question 3

What should have Russia done with France?

Answer 3

Earlier intervention could have checked French expansion before it got started
–> (1789-92) France seemed weak and bankrupt so other powers had unprecedented freedom of action

Question 4

When was war with Persia?

Answer 4

1721
peace wiith Sweden assured
resume expansion in south

Question 5

What were beneifts of vicotry over Persia?

Answer 5

greater security against formidable TUrks (defensive)
support for persecuted Christians (religious)
access to India and beyond (expansionist)

Question 6

Why was expansionist aim not realistic?

Answer 6

based on geographical ignorane and supposition
no navigable river running from East Asia into caspian sea

Question 7

WHy was campaigns of 1722-23 costly?

Answer 7

coslty in iterm of ships of Capsian squadron, men and treasure
(1723) Baku taken and ceded toRussia + small strip along caspain sea

Question 8

Why was Persian war complete faliure?

Answer 8

COnquests meagre
subject to Tartar raids
by 1733 and 1735 all given up