Foreign relations and securing succession Flashcards
(20 cards)
1
Q
Foreign Policy 1509-14
A
- Renewal of Treaty of Etaples 1510
- Joined the holy league anti-French alliance
- 1512 sent and army of 10,000 to southwest France under command of Marquis of Dorset
- Fled to Northern France where he won the Battle of Spurs and captured the towns of Tournai and Therouanne
- Battle of Flodden 1513 Scottish border
- Nothing gained from adventures of 1513
- French pension was lost
- War very costly
- Tournai sold back to the French for cheap
2
Q
Treaty of Etaples
A
- Continued to recieve French Pension of 50,000 crowns
- Short lived as England joined Anti-French holy league in 1511
3
Q
Holy League
A
- Spain
- HRE
- Venice
- Papacy
- All joined together and it formed an anti-french alliance
4
Q
Battle of Spurs
A
- England and HRE against France ( Louis XII)
- England captures the towns of Therouanne and Tournai
- Helped Henry achieve glory and prestige
at home - Henry had held 25,000 troops in Northern France
5
Q
Battle of Flodden
A
- 1509 Henry renewed the Anglo-Scottish treaty
- Henry engaged in France then James attacked
- James IV and 10,000 Scots died
- Around 1500 English died
6
Q
Foreign Policy 1514-26
A
- Charles V new Emperor of HRE 1519
- Francis I 1515 France
- James V 1513 Scotland
- Charles I 1516 Spain
- ’ auld alliance’ between France and Scotland still strong
- Henry overestimated English power
- Marriage of Louis XII and Mary
- Treaty of London 1518
- Field of Cloth of Gold 1520
- Treaty of Bruges 1521
- Invasion of France 1522 and 1523
- Battle of Pavia 1525
7
Q
Treaty of London 1518
A
- Lead by Cardinal Wolsey
- Over 20 major European states
- Establish universal peace in Europe and prevent wars was effectively a security agreement
- Short lived as France and HRE clashed in 1520s
8
Q
Field of Cloth of Gold 1520
A
- Between England and France
- Close to English occupied Calais
- Each King occupied by large gathering set up for dining and entertainment
- Cost Henry treasury 15,000
9
Q
Treaty of Bruges 1521
A
- Between Charles V and Wolsey
- Planned for a joint Anglo-imperial invasion of France in 1523
- Moving support towards the Hasburgs
- Charles V later married Portuguese Princess
10
Q
Battle of Pavia
A
- Crucial moment in conflict of the Italian wars
- Battle important because Francis I was held captive by Charles V
11
Q
Foreign Policy 1527-40
A
- Treaties of Westminster 1527
- Treaty of Aimes 1527
- Peace of Cambrai 1529
-Negotiaitons with League of Schmalkalden - Break with Rome
- Death of Catherine of Aragon
- France and HRE severing ties with England at Treaty of Nice
12
Q
Treaty of Westminster 1527
A
- Between Henry and Francis I
- Defensive alliance against Charles V
- Planned to pressure the Pope into supporting Henry’s annulment
13
Q
Treaty of Aimes 1527
A
- Between England and France
- Followed the treaty of Westminster
- Also the Sack of Rome
- England needed French support diplomatically and militarily to pressure the emperor
- Plan to marry Mary to French royal
14
Q
Peace of Cambrai 1529
A
- To temporarily end hostilities between France and the HRE during Italian wars
- Francis paid large ransom for release of his two sons
- Charles V gave up his claim to burgundy
15
Q
League of Schmalkaden
A
- Tried to join after break with Rome as left isolated and wanted protestant allies to destroy catholic threats
- Never joined as there were doctrinal agreements and it was to radical
16
Q
Ireland
A
- English controlled area around Dublin and Fitzgerald held power by balancing English and Gaelic interests
- Led to Kildares dismissal and a rebellion broke out 1534
- Attempts in 1534-41 to tighter English control failed
- Further unrest after invasion of Pale in 1539
17
Q
Foreign Policy 1540-47
A
- Henry returned to aggressive foreign policy launching attacks on both Scotland and France
18
Q
Scotland
A
- England invaded in 1542 and the Scots faced a heavy defeat at the Battle of Solway Moss
- James V died shortly after and left throne to his 1 week old daughter Mary
- Could have been overthrown but England more focused on France
- Henry wanted to marry Mary to Prince Edward
- The children were formally betrothed by the Treaty of Greenwich 1543
19
Q
Treaty of Greenwich 1543
A
- Aimed to prevent Scotland from its Auld alliance with France
- Marriage agreement Edward marry Mary
-Perpetual peace declared - Scots declined the agreement
20
Q
France
A
- Invaded France in 1544 but didn’t thin enough and the English army was confiened to Calais beseigning Montreuil unsuccessfully but capturing Boulogne.
- Matter got worse in 1545:
- Francis sent troops to Scotland
- English defeated at battle of Ancrum
Moor - French force landed at Isle of Wight
- Henry’s flagship Mary Rose sank in the
Solent
