Forgotten cards- Flashcards
(30 cards)
Who is Scott Benton?
Former Blackpool south mp
Got caught by the Times in 2023 for agreeing to lobby for a fake gambling company -agreed to ask P questions in exchange for 4000pounds a month
Why are well funded OPGs a legal challenge for govts?
Try to reverse policy - Care4Calais opposition to Rwanda Bill 2024
Lobbying -According to The Guardian, since 2017 how many former ministers and senior positions have taken roles in jobs that relate to policy areas they had previously worked for?
170- could be conflicts of interests as leverage insider info for private contacts
Former Education Sec Gavin Williamson paid 50,000 to be adviser for RTC Education.
In 2024 what industry failed at lobbying?
Tobacco industry - April 2024 passed the Tobacco and Vapes Act
With the help of IPG NFU, how much did DEFRA put into the ‘Farmers Investment’?
45million funding into the farmers investment.
What insider pressure group shows how they have specific expertise?
Specific expertise helps IPGs brief the govt on issues of concern e.g. LGBT+ PG Stonewall on equalising the age of consent for heterosexual and homosexual people to 16 years old under the Sexual Offences Act 2003
Define think tank-
a body of experts providing advice and ideas on specific political or economic problems.
Who is Ruth Porter?
Was SPAD for truss, and before that was the director of communication for IEA
Which think tank 1st proposed the idea of Universal Credit System?
Centre for Social Justice- implemented by the coalition government
Why is it difficult to judge the success of IPGs?
Don’t publicise their success to not offend govt and lose insider contacts
VTO for 2021 Senedd Elecions-
46.6%
What is the name for election that are not seen as significant or important ?
Second order elections
Average VTO from 1945-1997
76%
In 2017 how much higher was VTO for 65+ c.f. To 18-24?
25% points higher than among 18-24yr olds
What is developmental democracy?
If one takes ‘developmental’ perspective on democracy, which sees regular active political engagement from the public as key to the successful functioning of democracy, then this lack of party membership can be see as a major problem for democracy in the UK.
What is the ‘protective’ view of democracy?
the ‘protective’ persecutive on democracy suggests that mass political involvement isn’t necessary for the protection of democracy, just enough to grant the system legitimacy. democracy isn’t a means of mass participation but a system where a competitive group of leaders vie for electoral support in the context of a broader respect for individual freedoms and liberties. as long as these freedoms continue to be respected, then democracy isn in a crisis.
How did Cons incompetence in 1997 lose the the GE?
perceived economic incompetence was also insignificant in the 1997 election. By 1997 the country was recovering from recession of the early part of the decade, but voters remembered the catastrophe of ‘Black Wednesday’ in Sept 1992- lost reputation as competent managers of the economy and failed to retrieve it.
What was the Tories vote share in 2019 compared to 2024? WHY?
public viewed the Cons as untrustworthy due to a large number of scandals, which lead to the party’s vote share dropping from 43.6% in 2019 to 23.7% in 2024.
In 1979 what was the Cons slogan?
Labour Isn’t Working”- Winter of Discontent
What was Starmers net favourability?
-17%
What was Sunaks net favourability?
-51%
3) RATIONAL CHOICE AND ISSUE BASED VOTING against- opposition win
won by opposition as they are able to provide a manifesto and policy platform to the electorate that offers a real change and benefits them economically.
1997-
Blair rebranded party - drove forward the policy of modernisation and abandoned old-fashioned party policies such as nationalisation and strengthening of TU powers, which might put of M/C voters.
- also became increasingly tough on law and order, an issue that natters to voters after the increasing crime rates in the early 1990s.
Labour able to offer a concrete policy platform and real change to the electorate, which enabled labour to win the election with a landslide.
3) RATIONAL CHOICE AND ISSUE BASED VOTING for (LOA)
lost by govt as opposition parties often have similar policies to the governing party, but are able to win as they provide a change in terms of leadership and aren’t tainted by their record in govt as the governing party is.
1979-
both parties prioritised bringing down inflation and the Cons manifesto contained very little indication Thatcher intended to move her party so far the right. there was mention of returning recently nationalised industries to private hands and removing TU powers, but no suggestion of the radical crusade to scale down the state sector that followed
2010-
L+C policies very similar; both parties supporting austerity and bringing down the deficit, but Cons had more success as their reputation for economic competence by the financial crash as L’s had.
2024-
LP moved to the centre and was beer careful in selecting differences in policy from the Conservative Party.
- similar in many areas - both promised to invest in the NHS and tackle illegal immigration.
This meant that the election was mainly fought on the govt’s record, rather than on policy positions.
2) COMPETENCE against
OPPOSITION ARE ONLY ABLE TO BENEFIT FROM THE GOVTS INCOMPETENCE AND WIN ELECTION IF PERCEIVED TO BE COMPETENT THEMSELVES
1997-
Labour successful in presenting themselves as economically competent party, pledging not to increase income tax and to prioritise national finances.
1979-
- messaging focused on bringing down inflation. the labour party’s did too however theirs lacked credibility due to their failure when in office.
2024-
- LP succesful in presenting itself as competent and the antithesis of the Tories. Led to electoral success, as the 2019 Con voters felt comfortable defecting (rebelling). They were boring and uninspiring, but they didn’t put off voters due to appearing too radical; Labour shifted to centre ground e.g. not raised income tax.
