Formation of a Waterfall and Gorge

Question 1

1. Water will erode the band of _______ rock ______ than the band of _________ rock on top.

________________ and ___________ undercuts the band of soft rock leaving an ____________ of hard rock.

Answer 1

softer
faster
harder

hydraulic action
abrasion
overhang

Question 2

2. The river plunges over the waterfall and forms a _____________.

Answer 2

plunge pool

Question 3

3. The hard rock overhang will eventually __________ due to the _______________________.

So the waterfall __________ upstream.

Answer 3

collapse
continued undercutting

retreats

Question 4

4. Over many years, the retreated waterfall will leave behind a _________________.

Answer 4

steep-sided gorge

Question 5

What is another way gorges can form?

Answer 5

By the melting of huge glaciers that poured water off upland areas, forming gorges.

Question 6

What is a UK case study of a waterfall?

Answer 6

The High Force on the River Tees, North-East England.