Fortified Wines

Question 1

When can fortification take place

Answer 1

before during or after fermentation with neutral grape spirit/brandy

Question 2

Sherry, Jerez, or Xerex

Answer 2

Was first protected spanish appellation

Question 3

Where is Jerez

Answer 3

Andalusia, Atlantic Coast, near Africa

Question 4

Climate of Jerez

Answer 4

Hot, windy, maritime influence

Question 5

Albariza, Barros, Arenas

Answer 5

Soils: Chalk, Clay, Sand

Question 6

Grapes that make Sherry

Answer 6

Palamino 95%, PX, and Moscatel

Question 7

Base wine of Sherry

Answer 7

Neutral Dry White. Style determines final product

Question 8

Flor/Biological

Answer 8

Fino, Amontillado, Pale Cortado

Question 9

Without floor

Answer 9

Olorosso, Cream, Oxidative

Question 10

Solera System

Answer 10

Process that supports maturation of wine and house style by blending old and new sherrys to maintain a consisten house blend.

Question 11

How system works

Answer 11

Oldest barrells on floor 1st and second criadera’s on top. 1/3 is transferred down. Bottled off oldest barrel. Fractional blending

Question 12

Where is the portuguese island Madeira located

Answer 12

625 mi off mainland Portugal. Close to Morocco

Question 13

Climate and soils of Madeira

Answer 13

Subtropical, volcanic, mountainous

Question 14

Grapes

Answer 14

White : SVBM Red: Tinta Negro 85%

Question 15

Timing of fortification

Answer 15

depends on style dry vs. sweet

Question 16

Estufagem vs. Canteiro

Answer 16

Heated in stainless steel vat post fermentation vs. slow maturation in Barrels exposed to sun

Question 17

Madeira can be aged and labeled

Answer 17

5, 10, 15, and 20 yrs.

Question 18

Douro and Port

Answer 18

Hot, maritime climate on steep, rugged, terrain on hand built terraces. Many quintas and single vineyards

Question 19

Climate and soil

Answer 19

Well-drained schist. Northern Portugal experiences rain-maritime. More inland continental. Touriga Nacional is the primary Port grape.

Question 20

Port process

Answer 20

Port is made of several grapes, stomped by foot, short fementation. Aguadement (neutral grape spirit) is added to bring alcohol from 19-22% alc. Fortification happens during fermentation

Question 21

Port styles vary largely based on

Answer 21

Aging

Question 22

Ruby

Answer 22

inexpensive consistent house style

Question 23

LBV

Answer 23

4-6 yrs in cask. Single Quinta

Question 24

Tawney

Answer 24

Nutty. Aged only in cask

Question 25

Vin Doux Natural

Answer 25

Fortified during fermentation brings wines up to 15-16% alc. Examples of this occur in Southern Rhone of France, Muscat de Beaunes de Venise. Muscat grape

Question 26

Banyuls

Answer 26

Red Grenache from Rousillion France