fracture through the ages

Question 1

problem with bisphosphonates

Answer 1

kill osteoclasts, thus even though they reduce fractures, in some ppl risk of fractures increases, as there is no bone turn over ie bone can’t be broken down and repaired

Question 2

what can reduce risk of osteoporosis

Answer 2

exercise, and increased Ca/Vit D intake

Question 3

what fracture most commonly occurs in hip fractures

Answer 3

fracture of femoral neck

Question 4

how fractures heal- 4 stages

Answer 4

stage 1- HAEMATOMA forms, where inflammation occurs, causing lot of swelling around fracture: stage 2- SOFT CALLUS then forms, where cartilage is laid around fracture: stage 3- HARD CALLUS then forms, where cartilage is calcified to form woven bone: stage 4- REMODELLING occurs, where woven becomes lamellar bone due to WOLFF’s LAW

Question 5

DIAGRAM fracture patterns

Answer 5

compression leads to a diagonal fracture, stretch leads to a horizontal fracture, both lead both fractures

Question 6

greenstick fractures

Answer 6

occurs in children, where whole bone doesn’t fracture, only one side does, and other side remains intact ie bendy bone