France - The Loire Valley Flashcards
(148 cards)
1
Q
What are the classic white grapes of the Loire?
A
Chenin Blanc
Sauvignon Blanc
Melon de Bourgogne
2
Q
What is the most important red varietal in the Loire?
A
Cabernet Franc (locally known as Breton)
3
Q
What is the main style of wine produced in the Pays Nantais?
A
Muscadet
4
Q
What is the grape used to make Muscadet?
A
Melon de Bourgogne
5
Q
What are the Pays Nantais appellations designated for Melon de Bourgogne?
A
Muscadet AOP
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP
Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP
Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine AOP
6
Q
What percentage of Muscadet production is labelled as Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine AOP?
A
More than 80%
7
Q
What are the three subregions where Hermine d’Or wines may come from?
A
Clisson
Le Pallet
Gorges
8
Q
What is the Pays Nantais’ climate type?
A
Cool and wet maritime
9
Q
What region is the Loire’s center for sparkling wine production?
A
Saumur
10
Q
What is the primary grape of white wines from Anjou?
A
Chenin Blanc
11
Q
What percentage of Anjou’s wine production is rosé?
A
45%
12
Q
What is the primary grape of rosé wines from Anjou?
A
Grolleau
13
Q
What is the primary grape of red wines from Anjou?
A
Cabernet Franc
14
Q
What is the general appellation for Anjou?
A
Anjou AOP
15
Q
What style of wine is Anjou Blanc AOP known for?
A
White wines that have aggressive acidity and bitterness
16
Q
What grape(s) are allowed in the production of Savennières AOP?
A
Chenin Blanc
17
Q
What is the main soil type of Savennières AOP?
A
Blue schist mixed with volcanic debris
18
Q
In what year did Savennières’ unoffical grands crus acheive AOP status?
A
2011
19
Q
What are Savenneières’ two unofficial grands crus?
A
Roche aux Moines AOP
Coulée de Serrant AOP
20
Q
What style of wine is made in Coteaux du Layon AOP?
A
Sweet white wine from 100% Chenin Blanc
21
Q
What style of wine is made in Coteaux de l’Aubance AOP?
A
Sweet white wine from 100% Chenin Blanc
22
Q
What color(s) of wine may be produced in Anjou-Villages AOP?
A
Red
23
Q
What grape(s) are allowed in the production of Anjou-Villages AOP wines?
A
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
24
Q
What color(s) of wine may be produced in Saumur AOP?
A
Red
Dry white
Sparkling white
Sparkling rosé
25
What white grape(s) are permitted in Saumur AOP wines?
Chenin Blanc
26
What red grape(s) are permitted in Saumur AOP wines?
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pineau d'Aunis
27
What is the primary soil composition in Saumur?
Soft tuffeau limestone
28
Which appellations set the standard for Cabernet Franc wines from the Loire?
Chinon AOP
Bourgueil AOP
St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOP
29
What are the three primary soil types of Chinon?
Tuffeau
Clay
Varennes
30
What is varennes?
Sandy alluvial soils found in Chinon close the the Vienne river
31
What is the soil composition of Burgueil AOP?
Sand and limestome
32
What is the soil composition of St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOP?
Light alluvial soils
33
What color(s) of wine are permitted in Bourgueil AOP?
Red
Rosé
34
What color(s) of wine are permitted in St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOP?
Red
Rosé
35
What color(s) of wine are permitted in Chinon AOP?
Red
White
Rosé
36
What is Touraine's most important white wine distrcit?
Vouvray
37
What is the soil composition of Vouvray AOP?
Tuffeau limestone
38
What are the grape requirements for Vouvray AOP wines?
At least 95% Chenin Blanc
Maximum 5% Orbois
39
What is the primary difference between Vouvray AOP and Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP?
Orbois is not allowed in the production of wines from Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP
40
What are the encépagement requirements for white wine from Touraine AOP?
Minimum 80% Sauvignon Blanc
Maximum 20% Sauvignon Gris
41
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Touraine AOP?
Red/White/Rosé
42
When was Touraine Noble-Joué AOP established?
2001
43
What are the two most famous appellations of the Loire's Central Vineyards?
Sancerre AOP
Pouilly-Fumé AOP
44
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Sancerre AOP?
Red
White
Rosé
45
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Pouilly-Fumé AOP?
White
46
What are the encépagement requirements for white wine from Sancerre AOP?
100% Sauvignon Blanc
47
What are the encépagement requirements for rosé wine from Sancerre AOP?
100% Pinot Noir
48
What are the encépagement requirements for red wine from Sancerre AOP?
100% Pinot Noir
49
What are the encépagement requirements for white wine from Pouilly-Fumé AOP?
100% Sauvignon Blanc
50
What are the soil types found in Sancerre?
Silex
Terres Blanches
Caillottes
51
What are terres blanches in the Loire?
Essentially the same as Kimmeridgian Marl
52
What is caillottes?
A stony soil that is littered with fossils
53
What is silex?
Soil with a high flint content
54
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP?
White
55
What are the encépagement requirements for white wine from Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP?
100% Chasselas
56
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Menetou-Salon AOP?
Red
White
Rosé
57
What are the encépagement requirements for white wine from Menetou-Salon AOP?
100% Sauvignon Blanc
58
What are the encépagement requirements for rosé wine from Menetou-Salon AOP?
100% Pinot Noir
59
What are the encépagement requirements for red wine from Menetou-Salon AOP?
100% Pinot Noir
60
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Reuilly AOP?
Red
White
Rosé
61
What are the encépagement requirements for white wine from Reuilly AOP?
100% Sauvignon Blanc
62
What are the encépagement requirements for rosé wine from Reuilly AOP?
Blend of Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris
63
What are the encépagement requirements for red wine from Reuilly AOP?
100% Pinot Noir
64
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Quincy AOP?
White
65
What are the encépagement requirements for white wine from Quincy AOP?
Minimum 90% Sauvignon Blanc
Maximum 10% Sauvignon Gris
66
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Coteaux du Giennois AOP?
Red
White
Rosé
67
What are the encépagement requirements for white wine from Coteaux du Giennois AOP?
100% Sauvignon Blanc
68
What are the encépagement requirements for rosé wine from Coteaux du Giennois AOP?
Blend of Pinot Noir and Gamay (neither may exceed 80%)
69
What are the encépagement requirements for red wine from Coteaux du Giennois AOP?
Blend of Pinot Noir and Gamay (neither may exceed 80%)
70
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Orléans AOP?
Red
White
Rosé
71
What are the encépagement requirements for white wine from Orléans AOP?
Minimum 60% Chardonnay
Maximum 40% Pinot Gris
72
What are the encépagement requirements for rosé wine from Orléans AOP?
Minimum 60% Meunier
Maximum 40% blend of Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris
73
What are the encépagement requirements for red wine from Orléans AOP?
70-90% Meunier
Remainder is Pinot Noir
74
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Orléans-Cléry AOP?
Red
75
What are the encépagement requirements for red wine from Orléans-Cléry AOP?
100% Cabernet Franc
76
What are the appellations found in the Central Vineyards of the Loire?
Sancerre AOP
Pouilly-Fumé AOP
Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP
Menetou-Salon AOP
Reuilly AOP
Quincy AOP
Coteaux du Giennois AOP
Orléans AOP
Orléans-Cléry AOP
77
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Côtes du Forez AOP?
Red
Rosé
78
What are the encépagement requirements for rosé wine from Côtes du Forez AOP?
100% Gamay
79
What are the encépagement requirements for red wine from Côtes du Forez AOP?
100% Gamay
80
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Côte Roannaise AOP?
Red
Rosé
81
What are the encépagement requirements for rosé wine from Côte Roannaise AOP?
100% Gamay
82
What are the encépagement requirements for red wine from Côte Roannaise AOP?
100% Gamay
83
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Châteaumeillant AOP?
Vin Gris
Red
84
What are the encépagement requirements for vin gris from Châteaumeillant AOP?
Blend of Gamay and Pinot Noir (with minimum 40% Gamay)
Maximum 15% Pinot Gris
85
What are the encépagement requirements for red wine from Châteaumeillant AOP?
Minimum 40% Gamay
Maximum 60% Pinot Noir
86
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Côtes d'Auvergne AOP?
Red
White
Rosé
87
What are the encépagement requirements for white wine from Côtes d'Auvergne AOP?
100% Chardonnay
88
What are the encépagement requirements for rosé wine from Côtes d'Auvergne AOP?
Minimum 50% Gamay
Maximum 50% Pinot Noir
89
What are the encépagement requirements for red wine from Côtes d'Auvergne AOP?
Minimum 50% Gamay
Maximum 50% Pinot Noir
90
What color(s) of wine are allowed in Saint-Pourcain AOP?
Red
White
Rosé
91
What are the encépagement requirements for white wine from Saint-Pourcain AOP?
50-80% Chardonnay
20-40% Sacy
Maximum 10% Sauvignon Blanc
92
What are the encépagement requirements for rosé wine from Saint-Pourcain AOP?
100% Gamay
93
What are the encépagement requirements for red wine from Saint-Pourcain AOP?
40-75% Gamay
25-60% Pinot Noir
94
What are the main regions of the Loire Valley?
Pays Nantais
Anjou-Saumur
Touraine
The Central Vineyards
Other
95
What is the IGP designation in the Loire?
Vin de Pays d'Urfe
96
What is the climate of Touraine?
Continental
97
What is the climate of the Loire's Central Vineyards?
Continental
98
What is the climate of Anjou?
Continental
99
Rosé de Loire geographic area
Anjou
100
Crémant de Loire geographic area
Saumur
101
Val de Loire
IGP covering all of Loire
102
Val de Loire typical style
Fresh
Light body
Simple fruit flavors
103
Mauges hills
Hills that protect Anjou from ocean influences
Causes Anjou to be warmer than expected
104
Touraine soil
Clay
105
Biggest disease issue Loire
Fungal
Due to high rainfall
106
Sauvignon blanc main growing location Loire
Central Vineyards
Touraine
107
Sancerre/Pouilly Fume soil
Very chalky
Well drained/Stony
108
Sancerre/Pouilly Fume typical style
Dry
High acid
Green apple
Wet stone
Smoky in PF
109
Chavignol
Village in Sancerre
Known for expressive SB
110
Les Monts Damnés
Vineyard in Sancerre
Known from expressive SB
111
MLF in Sancerre/Pouilly Fume
Producer dependent
More common in cold vintages to reduce acidity
112
Menetou-Salon
Vineyard to SW of Sancerre
Similar style to Sancerre and PF
Less expensive
113
Touraine (Appellation)
Covers all of Touraine
Sauvignon Blanc
114
Touraine white typical style
Less concentration than Sancerre
Simple and fruity
115
Chenin Blanc key locations Loire
Touraine
Anjou Saumur
116
Chenin Blanc ripening issue
Berries within the same bunch can develop different ripeness levels
117
Barely ripe Chenin Blanc use
Sparkling
10 to 11% ABV
118
Vouvray
Loire
Still and sparkling Chenin Blanc
119
Vouvray typical style
Light to medium body
Fresh fruit
Floral
Rarely new oak
120
Vouvray climate
Cool
121
Vouvray soil
Clay
122
Saumur typical style
Sparkling Chenin Blanc
Traditional method
123
Anjou typical style
Dry Chenin Blanc
Often new oak matured
124
Savennieres
Loire
Chenin Blanc
125
Savennieres typical style
Full body
Dry
Good air circulation prevents noble rot
High sugar grapes can lead to aging
126
Coteaux du Layon location
Loire
In sheltered valley of River Layon
127
Quarts de Chaume
One of the best sites in Coteaux du Layon
128
Bonnezeaux
One of the best sites in Coteaux du Layon
129
Coteaux du Layon typical style
One of the worlds best sweet wines
Chenin Blanc
130
Melon Blanc
Grape
AKA Melon de Bourgogne
Early ripen
Frost resistant
131
Primary melon blanc region
Nantais
132
Muscadet typical style
Dry
Med alcohol
Concrete or stainless
High acid
Light body
Green fruit
Drink young
133
Muscadet Sevre et Maine
Best appellation in Nantais
134
Muscadet Sevre et Maine Sur Lie
Winter on lees
Richer than normal
135
Why is Cabernet Franc suited to Loire?
Flowers and ripens early
136
Chinon location
Touraine
Loire
137
Chinon grape
Cabernet Franc
138
Bourgueil location
Touraine
Loire
139
Saint Nicolas de Bourgueil location
Touraine
Loire
140
Bourgueil grape
Cabernet Franc
141
Saint Nicolas de Bourgueil grape
Cabernet Franc
142
Saumur Champigny location
Loire
143
Saumur Champigny typical style
Lighter body and tannin than Touraine
Juciy berries
Sometime floral
Drink young
Serve chilled
144
Gamay in the Loire
2nd most planted variety
Mostly Touraine and Anjou
145
Rose de Loire location
Primarily Anjou Saumur
146
Rose de Loire assemblage
≥30% Cabernet Franc and/or Cabernet Sauvignon
147
Cabernet d'Anjou
Rose
Anjour Saumur
Medium sweet
148
Rose d'Anjou
Off dry
Primarily Grolleau
