FRED test

Question 1

The vena caval drainage of the esophageal vv. is provided mainly by the _______.

Answer 1

azygos vein

Question 2

The portal drainage of the esophageal vv. is provided by the _______.

Answer 2

left gastric vein

Question 3

What are the features of uncomplicated coccidoidomycosis?

Answer 3

flu-like illness and skin rash

Question 4

What does a squamous cell carcinoma of the skin lesion look like?

Answer 4

scaly or red, ulcerated w/ heaped borders

Question 5

What are the characteristic features of a melanoma lesion (non-nodular)?

Answer 5

Changes to an existing mole or birth mark:
Asymmetrical
Borders, irregular
Color, variegated
Diameter >6mm
Evolving over time

Question 6

What are the features of a nodular melanoma lesion?

Answer 6

New nodule (more dangerous)
Elevated
Firm
Growing

Question 7

What means of disinfection can be used to kill C. diff spores?

Answer 7

saturated steam for 15 min or bleach

Question 8

The sural n. runs from the lateral foot up between the heads of the gastrocnemius. What vein runs with it? Lymph drainage along this path drains to which nodes?

Answer 8

Small saphenous v., popliteal lymph nodes

Question 9

Infant is severely hypoglycemic after a period of fasting (or vomiting). Hepatomegaly is noted. Ketones are absent. Dx?

Answer 9

Medium chain acyl-CoA d.h. deficiency (MCADD)

Question 10

What is the effect of TMP-SMX on warfarin?

Answer 10

Displaces it from albumin –> lower dose of warfarin.

Question 11

What deficiency leads to a form of SCID with accumulation of deoxyadenosine?

Answer 11

Adenosine deaminase deficiency

Question 12

What vitamin deficiency is able to cause tingling of extremities, muscle weakness, decreased tendon reflexes, pathological reflexes, and degeneration of the lateral and posterior spinal cord (subacute combined degeneration) with loss of deep touch and vibration sense?

Answer 12

B12

Question 13

What toxicities are associated w/ Vancomycin?

Answer 13

“Red man syndrome” (extreme vasodilation d/t type I hypersensitivity); ototoxicity; nephrotoxicity when used in combo w/ other Abx.

Question 14

What is the drug of choice for C. difficile? Second line?

Answer 14

Metronidazole; vancomycin

Question 15

What is the binding target for vancomycin?

Answer 15

D-Ala-D-Ala muramyl pentapeptide

Question 16

Weakness on right side of body. Loss of light touch, proprioception, and vibration sense on right side. Tongue, however, deviates to the left. What is the syndrome?

Answer 16

Medial medullary syndromw (aka Dejerine syndrome)

Question 17

Weakness on right side of body. Loss of light touch, proprioception, and vibration sense on right side. Tongue, however, deviates to the left. What blood vessel is infarcted?

Answer 17

Anterior spinal artery

Question 18

Weakness on right side of body. Loss of light touch, proprioception, and vibration sense on right side. Tongue, however, deviates to the left. What structures within the brainstem are damaged? Which side?

Answer 18

medullary pyramid; medial leminiscus, hypoglossal nerve; left side

Question 19

What is the primary defect in Chediak-Higashi syndrome?

Answer 19

Defect in microtubule polymerization –> decreased phagocytosis.

Question 20

What are the 3 main manifestations of Chediak-Higashi syndrome?

Answer 20

recurrent pyogenic infections, peripheral neuropathy, partial albinism