From other simulations

Question 1

TPN before surgery

Answer 1

Decrease the dosage the evening before the surgery

Question 2

Neurovascular coupling definition

Answer 2

Describes coupling between neuronal activity and the vasculature.
Negative feedback in which if activity increases, the autoregulation expands

Question 3

Brain waves

Answer 3

Beta is linked with higher anxiety and more active states, with attention often directed externally.

Alpha is linked with being very relaxed, and passive attention (such as listening quietly but not engaging)

Theta is linked with deep relaxation and inward focus.

Delta is linked with deep sleep

Question 4

Where do we have ECF tonicity sensors

Answer 4

Hypothalamus

Question 5

What is Raj test

Answer 5

After local anesthetic injection, the motor response dissapear

Question 6

Superior limb block site of action

Answer 6

Roots and Trunks: Interscalene block

Trunks or Divisions: Supraclavicular block

Cords: Infraclavicular block

Branches: Axillary block

Question 7

What method of ventilation is better for the hospital stay

Answer 7

The method of ventilation doesn’t affect the hospital stay

Question 8

Where in the brain sympathetic nociceptive stimulation begins

Answer 8

Nucleus tractus solitarius

Question 9

What’s the main indication for CRT

Answer 9

LBBB

Question 10

K and aldosterone

Answer 10

Increase of K out of the cell increase the release of aldosterone

Question 11

Malnutrition and BUN

Answer 11

Malnutrition decreases BUN with no connection with the GFR

Question 12

Cortex and V.A. effect

Answer 12

Sevoflurane has been shown to functionally disconnect the thalamus and cortex, especially frontal cortex

Question 13

Calcium channel blockers

Answer 13

P channels are not affected by calcium entry-blocking drugs such as verapamil, diltiazem, and nifedipine. These drugs have profound effects on the slower L channels present in the cardiovascular system.

Question 14

Accommodation and scoline

Answer 14

Accommodation does not occur in extraocular muscles, and these muscles can undergo a sustained contracture in the presence of succinylcholine

Question 15

clearance of CO2 in lungs is determined by

Answer 15

Removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) is determined by alveolar ventilation, not by total (minute) ventilation.

Question 16

In what zone of the lungs perfusion ventilation is maximal

Answer 16

Zone 2

Question 17

When does it take place isovolumetric relaxation takes place in ECG

Answer 17

And the end of T wave

Question 18

The half-life for the process (time for halving the vaporizer-circuit concentration difference)

Answer 18

0.693 × Vcirc/FGF.

Question 19

How many half times is 95%

Answer 19

3

Question 20

Ketamine charac

Answer 20

Ketamine, just as other NMDAR antagonists, may thus prevent opioid-induced hyperalgesia

The duration of ketamine anesthesia after a single IV administration of a general anesthetic dose (2mg/kg) is 10 to 15 minutes

Cardiovascular stimulation after small-dose ketamine infusion is characterized by tachycardia, systemic / pulmonary hypertension

Question 21

Biased agonists

Answer 21

are agonist that activates only one portion of a receptor’s signaling pathway while inhibiting the other portion.
In the case of the Mu receptor, decreases arrestin beta (less GI and respiratory complications)

Question 22

ED50 and ED95 of rocuronium and atracurium

Answer 22

Roc. ED50 0.15 ED95 0.3
Atrac. ED50 0.1 ED95 0.21

Question 23

Propofol TCI

Answer 23

For surgery 4-8
For loss of conciousness 2-3
For sedation 1.33

Question 24

Neurotransmitter for parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 24

Acetylcholine

Question 25

HypoCa in ECG

Answer 25

Elongated QT

Question 26

Treatment for hemolytic reaction

Answer 26

Question 27

CO and Palv

Answer 27

High CO, Higher uptake from the gas, decreased Palv, slower induction

Question 28

Midazolam dosage

Answer 28

0.05-0.15 mg/kg (even 0.3)

Question 29

Dexmedetomidine and BIS

Answer 29

Dex decreases values of BIS but the patient still responds to sound or pain

Question 30

To evaluate the quality of the contraction of the walls of the heart

Answer 30

Parasternal short axis view

Question 31

Ginger

Answer 31

Cox 1 inhibitor Stop 14 days before the surgery

Question 32

APFEL score

Answer 32

Female PONV nonsmoker Use of opioids 0-4 0 9%, 1 20%, 2 39% 3 60% 4 78%

Question 33

Pruritus after epidural

Answer 33

No connected to histamine release.

Question 34

Suggested Ventilation parameters for One Lung Ventilation

Answer 34

1. Tidal volume 5–6 mL/kg ideal body weight Maintain: Peak airway pressure <35 cm H2O Plateau airway pressure <25 cm H2O 2. Positive end expiratory pressure 5–10 cm H2O Patients with COPD, no added PEEP 3. Respiratory rate 12 breaths/min Maintain normal PaCO2, PCO2 will usually increase 1–3 mm Hg during OLV

Question 35

After release of aortic clamp

Answer 35

Pulmonary artery pressure increases. The rest of the hemodynamic values decrease

Question 36

TEG and pregnancy

Answer 36

R shorter K Shorter MA increase

Question 37

Normal breath rate in newborns

Answer 37

40-60 bpm

Question 38

Hypercapnia and oculocardiac reflex

Answer 38

Worsen the reflex

Question 39

Pseudocholinesterase decrease in pregnancy in which week

Answer 39

10th week

Question 40

Stress test to perform to patients with pacemaker

Answer 40

Dipyridamole stress test

Question 41

Cranial nerves

Answer 41

CN I – Olfactory CN II – Optic CN III – Oculomotor CN IV – Trochlear CN V – Trigeminal CN VI – Abducens CN VII – Facial CN VIII – Vestibulocochlear CN IX – Glossopharyngeal CN X – Vagus CN XI – Accessory CN XII – Hypoglossal

Question 42

D-lactic acidosis

Answer 42

is a rare metabolic complication in humans, but is occasionally observed as a consequence of short-bowel syndrome.

Question 43

Factor V Leiden

Answer 43

Factor V Leiden is the name of a specific gene mutation that results in thrombophilia, which is an increased tendency to form abnormal blood clots that can block blood vessel

Question 44

LAST incidence

Answer 44

1 / 1000