Functions of the Endocrine System

Question 1

The pituitary gland is connected to which part of the brain.

Answer 1

Hypothalamus

Question 2

What are the two lobes of the pituitary gland?

Answer 2

Anterior lobe

Posterior lobe

Question 3

How many hormones do each lobe release?

Answer 3

Anterior = 6

Posterior = 2

Question 4

What structure triggers or inhibits the release of hormones by the anterior pituitary gland?

Answer 4

The hypothalamus

Question 5

What 6 hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

Answer 5

• Thyroid stimulating Hormone (TSH)
• adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
• Growth hormone (GH)
• Prolactin (PRL)
• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
• Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 6

What two hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?

Answer 6

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Oxytocin (OT)

Question 7

Where does thyroid stimulating hormone go and what it do?

Answer 7

Goes to thyroid gland

Causes release of T3 & T4 hormones

Increases metabolic rate

Question 8

Where does adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) go and what it do?

Answer 8

Goes to adrenal cortex (on kidneys)

Stimulates release of hormones hormones there

Affects glucose metabolism

Question 9

What does growth hormone do?

Answer 9

stimulate growth and maintenance of muscle and bone

Question 10

What do prolactin (PR) do?

Answer 10

Simulate mammary gland development

Initiates milk production

Question 11

What do Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) do in females? Males?

Answer 11

Females: stimulates oestrogen and follicle development

Males: testosterone concentration

Question 12

What do Luteinizing Hormone (LH) do in females? Males?

Answer 12

Females: induces ovulation and stimulates production of oestrogen and progesterone

Males: testosterone production

Question 13

What do Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) do?

Answer 13

Don’t let you go peepee

Keep water in the body

Doesn’t work when alcahol is around

Question 14

What do oxytocin (OT) do?

Answer 14

Stimulate uterus contractions (fuck you)

Promotes milk ejection

Fun fact: OT released when ppl cuddle “love hormone”

Question 15

What hormones does the thyroid gland secrete?

Answer 15

Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3)

Calcitonin

Question 16

What hormones regulate BMR and growth and development rate

Answer 16

T3 and T4

Question 17

What hormone reduces blood calcium levels?

Answer 17

Calcitonin

Question 18

What hormone does the parathyroid gland secrete?

Answer 18

Parathyroid hormone

Question 19

What do parathyroid hormone do?

Answer 19

Increases blood calcium levels

Question 20

What hormones are secreted by the adrenal medulla? (2)

Answer 20

Epinephrine (adrenaline) and Norepinephrine

Question 21

What hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex? (3)

Answer 21

• Glucocorticoids
• aldosterone
• androgens

Question 22

These pancreatic cells secrete glucagon

Answer 22

alpha islet cells

Question 23

These pancreatic cells secrete insulinn

Answer 23

beta islet cells

Question 24

What organs produce oestrogens and progesteronne?

Answer 24

Ovaries

Question 25

What organs secrete androgens (testosterone)

Answer 25

Ya balls

Question 26

Reduced growth hormone during development causes....

Answer 26

Pituitary dwarfism

Question 27

Overproduction of growth hormone before epiphyseal plates close causes....

Answer 27

Gigantism

Question 28

Overproduction of growth hormone AFTER epiphyseal plates close causes...

Answer 28

Acromegaly (enlarged face, feet, hands)

Question 29

Why is tom thumb highlighted in your powerpoint?

Answer 29

IDK but he had pituitary dwarfism

Question 30

Was Mendel a reverend?

Answer 30

He was a monk (just in case)

Question 31

What hormones control metabolic rate?

Answer 31

Thyroid hormones

Question 32

What it do when theres overproduction of thyroid hormone

Answer 32

Graves' disease High metabolic rate and body temp

Question 33

What it do when theres underproduction of thyroid hormone?

Answer 33

Low metabolic rate and body temp. Cretinism

Question 34

Overproduction of insulin causes:

Answer 34

Paul Blart Mall Cop hypoglycemia (really super bad) -- can induce coma

Question 35

Underproduction of insulin causes:

Answer 35

Diabetes type I

Question 36

What the beta cells doing when someone has type I diabetes?

Answer 36

They aint doin shiiiit aka not PRODUCING enough insulin

Question 37

Whats going on with insulin in type II

Answer 37

They produce normal amount of insulin but cells just don't respond it it

Question 38

What is ADH also known as?

Answer 38

Vasopressin