Fundamentals 2

Question 1

What is Capacitation .?

Answer 1

Ability of Sperms to Fertilise ova in Female Reproductive tract

Question 2

Sperms become Hypermotile in

Answer 2

Fallopian Tube

Question 3

Attachment of sperm to Zona Pellucida

Answer 3

Acrosomal reaction

Question 4

Receptors on Zona pellucida of secondary oocyte

Answer 4

ZP1, ZP2, ZP3(M/I)

Question 5

Cortical Reaction.?

Answer 5

Penetration of ZP and reaching Cortex of secondary oocyte

With Help of ZP2 and Ca2++

Question 6

What does Sperm do when it reaches Cortex of Secondary oocyte.?

Answer 6

Release of Hormones that make it impermeable for other Sperms.
Zona reaction

Question 7

Function of Zona Pellucida.?

Answer 7

To prevent Polyspermy.

Question 8

What is Fertilisation.?

Answer 8

Sperm + Secondary Oocyte or Female Pro Nucleus = Zygote.

Question 9

16 cell stage of zygote is called as .?

Answer 9

Morula - Mulberry Shaped

Question 10

Nutrition to Zygote in FT is provided by

Answer 10

Secretory Cells of FT

Other cells of FT- Columnar / ciliary cells and PEG cells

Question 11

Main factor responsible for movement of Zygote into Uterine cavity.?

Answer 11

Peristalsis of Tube and Cilia Movement.

Question 12

How does Progesterone and Copper T contraception cause Ectopic Pregnancy.?

Answer 12

Progesterone is a Smooth Muscle relaxant.

causes dec in Peristalsis of FT leading to Zygote implanting in FT

Question 13

When does Implantation occur.?

Answer 13

Begins by 6th day after fertilisation.

Completed by 10th Day

Question 14

When does Zona Hatching occur.?

Answer 14

5th day after Fertilisation.

Question 15

What is Blastocyst.?

Answer 15

Fluid filled Morula caused by Zona pellucida hatching and fluid entering.

Question 16

What is Intradecidual Sign.?

Answer 16

Sign of Attachment of Blastocyst to endometrium.

It does not disturb the central uterine cavity complex.

Question 17

What is the First sign of Pregnancy on USG.?

Answer 17

Intradecidual sign

Question 18

What is the Decidua.?

Answer 18

Endometrium in pregnancy.

Question 19

3 Parts of Decidua.?

Answer 19

D. Capsularis.
D. Basalis.
D. Parietalis.

Question 20

D. Capsularis.?

Answer 20

Separates Blastocyst from Uterine cavity.

Question 21

D. Basalis.?

Answer 21

Separates Blastocyst from Myometrium.

Site for Formation of Placenta- Maternal SIde

Question 22

D. Parietalis.?

Answer 22

Rest of decidua excluding Basalis and Capsularis.

Question 23

Implantation window

Answer 23

D20-21

Question 24

M/C site of Implantation

Answer 24

Upper Posterior part of Uterus

Question 25

Piskacek Sign

Answer 25

Unequal growth of uterus due to eccentric implantation

Question 26

Pseudogestational sac.?

Answer 26

Centrally Located Sac.

Question 27

What is Interstitial Implantation.?

Answer 27

Deep Impantation

Question 28

Hartmann or Placental Sign

Answer 28

Bleeding at the time if implantation.

Question 29

Nitabuch's Layer

Answer 29

Between Decidua and Chorion. | Limits penetration of Blastocyst.

Question 30

Thickness of Endometrium at the time of Implantation

Answer 30

10-12mm

Question 31

Uterine cavity obliteration occurs at .?

Answer 31

14-16 weeks of pregnancy

Question 32

Superfecundation.?

Answer 32

2 ova fertilised by 2 sperms in same cycle. | Seen in humans.

Question 33

Superfetation.?

Answer 33

2 ova fertilised by 2 sperms in diff cycle. Not seen in Humans. But theoretically possible till 14 weeks i.e till uterine obliteration.

Question 34

Blastocyst - total number of cells.

Answer 34

58 Inner Cell mass - 5 - gives rise to fetus. Trophoblast- 53 cells.

Question 35

Trophoblast- divides into.?

Answer 35

Cyto and Syncytiotrophoblast. | 8 days after fertilisation.

Question 36

Fetal Placenta is formed by.?

Answer 36

Chorion Frondosum. Vili like structure.

Question 37

Chorion Laeve

Answer 37

Smooth part of Cytotrophblast that forms the chorion.

Question 38

Hormonal Factory of the Placenta .?

Answer 38

Syncytiotrophoblast.

Question 39

PIH is Prevented by .?

Answer 39

Trophoblastic Invasion. | Conversion of High resistance vessels to Low Resistance by Cytotrophoblast.

Question 40

If Trophoblastic Invasion is absent.?

Answer 40

PIH, IUGR and Abruptio Placenta.

Question 41

Indentation of Central Cavity Complex by Blastocyst.?

Answer 41

Double Decidual Sac / Ring sign. | Seen only in True Gestational Sac.