Fundamentals of criminal investigations Flashcards

(34 cards)

1
Q

The investigation is not complete until

A

every credible lead has been considered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the goal of criminal investigations

A

to identify the guilty as it is to eliminate those who are not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who are the Bow Street Runners

A

first well known investigative body in England

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

London Metropolitan Police ( BOBBIES) were created in what year

A

1849 - after Sir Robert Peel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The headquarters for the London Metro Police is often referred to as:

A

Scotland Yard- the division of London Metro, not England as a whole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

First organization of its type in the USA

A

Pinkerton National Detective Agency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Rogues Gallery

A

descriptions, MOs, hiding places. names & associations of known crimminals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What was the Mulberry Street Parade (NYC)

A

9am every morning, arrested criminals and marched in front of detectives for later recognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was the single most significant development in criminal investigations

A

The creation of the FBI in 1924

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

NCIC

A

operational in 1967 by the FBI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What year was the London Metro Police Created

A

1849

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What year was the creation of the FBI

A

1924

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What was the National Academy

A

Created in 1924 by the FBI to train police

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

August Volmer

A

Evolution of professional policing:

  • banned graft and gratuities
  • implemented reforms transform policing into modern policing
  • 1st chief to have bike patrol 1910
  • motors 1911
  • patrol cars 1913
  • in car radios 1928
  • created centralized police record system
  • 1st to use blood fibers soil samples to solve crimes
  • police schools 1907
  • outlawed 3rd degree tactics ( beatings)
  • 1st to use lie detector
  • hired African America and female officer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hans Gross

A

Wrote first publication describing application of science to crime investigations in 1893

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Edward Locard

A

France 1910: established first crime lab

17
Q

Locards exchange principle

A

Criminals come into contact with the scene, they will transfer evidence “ there is something to be found”

18
Q

Bertillon system

A

Also known as Anthropometry: physical aspects of human body remain unchanged after full maturity ( skull, eye, ear shape/size etc)

19
Q

What is the study of fingerprints

A

Dactylography

20
Q

Henry Goddard

A

In 1835 he made the first successful attempt to identify a murderer from a bullet by locating a bullet mold with a matching mark

21
Q

Professor Balthazard

A

In 1913 he wrote the single most important article in firearms identification. Firing pin, breechblock, extractor, ejector all leave marks.

22
Q

Forensic Pathology

A

Determines the cause of death

23
Q

What is the Rand study

A

In 1970 it determined the effectiveness of police functioning- studied departments with more than 150 sworn, city over 100k population

24
Q

Rand recommendations

A

Post arrest with prosecutors
greater responsibilities for patrol officers
forensic resources increased
creation of specialized investigations sections/units

25
Police Executive Research Forum (PERF) study
- not as much mismanagement - greater use of physical evidence - develop guideline regulations use of evidence technicians - greater effort to locate witnesses- neighborhood canvas - more use of department records and informants
26
Objectives in Criminal Investigations
``` Detect crime locate and ID suspects arrest recover stolen property prepare sound case for prosecution ```
27
Inductive reasoning
Takes us beyond what we know to conclusions about what we don't know
28
Deductive reasoning
reasoning established on specific pieces of evidence to establish proof
29
Abduction
The process of proposing a likely explanation for an event that then must be tested, helps make links among events and development of overall theory of the crime
30
Mission of Law Enforcement
maintenance of peace, protection of property and lives
31
Reactive Response
addressing crimes that have already been committed
32
Proactive Response
addressing anticipated crimes, investigation conducted prior to the crime being committed
33
Preliminary investigation
The responsibility of the first officer on scene with the primary objective is to determine whether the elements of the crime exist
34
Duty of the first officer on scene
to aid injured and provided or summon medical assistance