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Fungal drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cell wall of fungi made of?

A

Manoprotein
Glucan
Chitin

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2
Q

What is the cell membrane of fungi made of?

A

ergosterol

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3
Q

How do azoles work?

A

They target the ergosterol in the fungal membrane

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4
Q

How do polyenes work?

A

Target ergosterol

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5
Q

How does flucytosine work?

A

It’s a pyramidine interferes with replication machinery

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6
Q

How do echinocandins (-fungin) work?

A

They target the cell wall

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7
Q

GIve an example of a polyene

A

Ampho B

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8
Q

What are the benefits of fluconazole?

A

Available oral and Iv

  • -Good GI absorption and CNS penetration
  • -Doesn’t react with many other drugs
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9
Q

What is the first choice drug for candida?

A

Fluconazole.

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10
Q

What are the side effects of gluconazole?

A

hepatitis, rash, alopecia, anorexia.

–Overall, few drug interactions

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11
Q

What is the drug of choice for histoplasma?

A

itraconazole

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12
Q

how does itraconazole compare with fluconazole?

A

Itraconazole has poorer GI absorption and poorer CNS penetration
–Lots of drug interactions

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13
Q

What are the side effects of itraconazole?

A

hypokalemia, adrenal insufficiency, hepatitis

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14
Q

What is the drug of choice for aspergillosis?

A

voriconazole

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15
Q

What is the drug of choice for zygomycosis?

A

Posaconazole

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16
Q

What are the side effects for posaconazole?

A

hepatitis, some nausea/headache

17
Q

What are the side effects of ampho B?

A

Nephrotoxic!
Also anemia
–>lipid based amphos have fewer adverse rxns but need higher dosing

18
Q

How do echinocandins work?

A

They inhibit the 1/3 D glucan synthesis, weakening cell wall

–Effective against candida and aspergillus

19
Q

In what formulation does caspofungin come?

A

IV only

20
Q

What are the side effects of caspofungin?

A

hepatitis/fever/rash

21
Q

When might you use caspofungin?

A

For candida if you can’t give azoles

ID (24 decks)

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