Fungal Infections and Hair Loss

Question 1

Tinea pedis is also known as…

Answer 1

athlete’s foot

Question 2

Common population for athlete’s foot:

Answer 2

people who use public pools, high impact sports, or contact with infected individuals

Question 3

Tinea unguium is also known as…

Answer 3

nail fungus

Question 4

Common populations for nail fungus:

Answer 4

• associated with athlete’s foot

- half of all nail disorders

Question 5

Tinea corporis is also known as…

Answer 5

ringworm of body

Question 6

Common populations for ringworm of body:

Answer 6

• daycare
• athletes
• wrestlers
• obese adults
• hot or humid areas

Question 7

Tinea cruris is also known as…

Answer 7

jock itch

Question 8

Common populations for jock itch:

Answer 8

male athletes who wear tight underwear

Question 9

Tinea capitis is also known as…

Answer 9

ringworm of head

Question 10

Common populations for ringworm of head:

Answer 10

• children
• tight braids
• adults w/ occlusive hair dressings

Question 11

Which disorders can’t be treated with OTCs?

Answer 11

• nail fungus

- ringworm of scalp

Question 12

Exclusions to self-treatment for fungal infections:

Answer 12

• unsuccessful initial treatment or worsening of condition
• nail or scalp involved
• signs of possible secondary bacterial infection such as oozing purulent material
• excessive and continuous exudation
• diabetes
• immune deficiency
• fever or malaise

Question 13

Examples of antifungal products:

Answer 13

• clotrimazole
• miconazole nitrate
• terbinafine hydrochloride
• butenafine hydrochloride
• tolnaftate

Question 14

Clotrimazole 1% and miconazole nitrate 2% dosing for athlete’s foot and ringworm:

Answer 14

BID for 4 weeks

Question 15

Clotrimazole 1% and miconazole nitrate 2% dosing for jock itch:

Answer 15

BID for 2 weeks

Question 16

Terbinafine hydrochloride 1% dosing for athlete’s foot:

Answer 16

BID for 1-2 weeks

Question 17

Terbinafine hydrochloride 1% dosing for ringworm of body and jock itch:

Answer 17

BID for 1 week

Question 18

OTCs for athlete’s foot, ringworm of body, and jock itch:

Answer 18

• clotrimazole 1%
• miconazole nitrate 2%
• terbinafine hydrochloride 1%
• butenafine hydrochloride 1%
• tolnaftate 1%

Question 19

Butenafine hydrochloride 1% dosing for athlete’s foot:

Answer 19

• BID for 1 week

- QD for 4 weeks

Question 20

Butenafine hydrochloride 1% dosing for ringworm and jock itch:

Answer 20

QD for 2 weeks

Question 21

Tolnaftate 1% can be used for both…

Answer 21

treatment and prevention

Question 22

Tolnaftate 1% is valuable for…

Answer 22

dry and scaly lesions

Question 23

Dosing for tolnaftate 1%:

Answer 23

BID for 2-4 weeks

- can sting a bit upon application

Question 24

Sprays and powders are…

Answer 24

less effective than creams and lotions, but are easier to use

Question 25

Non-pharmacologic therapy for fungal infections:

Answer 25

- use separate towels and launder contaminated ones in hot settings - cleanse skin daily with soap and water and pat dry - avoid wool and synthetic clothing - allow shoes to dry completely

Question 26

How would you treat athlete's foot if there are oozing lesions present?

Answer 26

soak area in aluminum acetate solution BID before applying antifungal

Question 27

How would you treat athlete's foot if there are thick horny parts of skin?

Answer 27

apply ketratolytic agent first, then apply antifungal

Question 28

Types of hair loss:

Answer 28

- hormones - genes - stress, illness, and child birth - drugs

Question 29

Androgenetic alopecia is...

Answer 29

hormonal or hereditary related

Question 30

Androgenetic alopecia affects what percentage of women by 70 YO?

Answer 30

40-50%

Question 31

Androgenetic alopecia affects what percentage of men by 70 YO?

Answer 31

80%

Question 32

Androgenetic alopecia affects what group of people the most?

Answer 32

white males

Question 33

Androgenetic alopecia is the gradual...

Answer 33

onset with progression of patterned hair loss

Question 34

Exclusions to self treatment of androgenetic alopecia:

Answer 34

- < 18 YO - pregnancy or breastfeeding - hair loss due to other reasons

Question 35

Non-pharmacological therapies for androgenetic alopecia:

Answer 35

cosmetic camouflage

Question 36

T/F: other types of hair loss can be treated with OTCs

Answer 36

F, need to refer

Question 37

What are some ineffective non-pharmacological therapies for androgenetic alopecia?

Answer 37

- scalp massage - frequent shampooing - electrical stimulation

Question 38

Pharmacological therapies for androgenetic alopecia:

Answer 38

topical minoxidil

Question 39

Counseling points for minoxidil:

Answer 39

- may increase hair loss temporarily | - can take up to 4 months to see results

Question 40

If one has sensitive skin, they should use _____ to treat androgenetic alopecia

Answer 40

foam preparation of minoxidil

Question 41

Minoxidil dosing for females:

Answer 41

2% or 5% and follow up in 4 months

Question 42

Minoxidil dosing for males:

Answer 42

5% and follow up in 4 months

Question 43

How to apply minoxidil:

Answer 43

1. apply to clean, dry scalp and hair 2. rub 1 mL into affected area BID 3. wash hands 4. allow 2-4 H to penetrate scalp - night time: apply 2-4 H before bed - apply hair products after drug has dried

Question 44

Most common side effects of minoxidil:

Answer 44

- itching - irritation - dryness - if happens, use 5% foam preparation

Question 45

Other side effects of minoxidil:

Answer 45

- acne - low blood pressure - blurred vision - irregular heart rate