Fungi and Parasites Flashcards
(21 cards)
What does saprobes mean?
What do symbionts mean?
What do commensals mean?
- fungi that live on dead or decaying matter
- mutual advantage with host
- fungi benefit, host does not benefit and is not harmed (parasites harmed)
What is the fungi cell wall made of?
What is the cholesterol found in the fungal cell membrane called?
- Chitin
- ergosterol
What is a yeast?
-What is a mold?
- unicellular organism that reproduces by budding or fission (cryptococcus neoformans)
- multicellular, filaments consisting of hyphae. (Aspergillus species)
What is hyphae only present in?
What is pseudohyphae present in?
- Mold
- in yeast
What are septate and aseptate present in ?
What is a dimorph that we should know?
- mold
- Coccidioides immitis
What is the agar for fungi?
- Sabouraud dextrose agar; can ID conidia
What are the symptoms of Malassezia furfur?
Where is it mostly found?
- a superficial mycoses (superficial layers) present on skin where sebaceous glands are present and cause either hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation.
- in tropical areas
What fungi presents looking like a “spaghetti and meatballs on microscopic examination of a skin scraping?
Where is tinea barbae found?
- Pityriasis versicolor
- beard
Where is Tinea coporis found?
Where is Tinea cruris found?
- smooth skin (hairless trunk)- AKA “ring worm”
- in the groin
Where is Tinea unguium found?
How can you differentiate between Tinea capitis and S. aureus?
- in the nails
- Flouresent light (wood lamp) will cause Tinea capitis to fluoresce.
What is the difference between Protozoa and Metazoa parasites?
How does protozoa acquire simple nutritional requirements?
- protozoa are single celled and metazoa are multicellular
- Pinocytosis or phagocytosis
What is a protozoa’s protective measure of survival?
What are trophozoites?
- Cyst form- survival in harsh conditions- not metabolically active and can evade immune system
- Trophozoites are specific for protoaza is the replicative form
- What is an amoeba with bloody diarrhea?
- Entamoeba
- What is the transmission of Giardia lamblia?
- What are the symptoms of Giardia lamblia?
- fecal-oral through contaminated water
- malabsorption of food —> steatorhhea/ diarrhea
What are the 2 types of protozoa that move via flagellates?
- Trichomonas vainalis (STD - discharge, itching) and Giardia lamblia
What is the #1 cause of AIDS associated diarrhea in the US?
How is it transmitted? Symptoms?
- Cryptosporidium
- Transmitted in water
- Watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, vomiting
How is plasmodia transmitted?
What is the difference between uncomplicated Malaria vs. severe malarial anemia?
- Blood from malaria
- uncomplicated malaria: fever, chills, sweats, headaches, N&V; severe: anemia
What causes Bebesia microti? Symptoms?
- What is diagnotic for Babesia microti?
Black-legged ticks. Malaise, chills, myalgia, anemia, fever; more severe night sweats, weight loss,
- MALTESE CROSS
What nematode is for children with Nocturnal perianal pruitus (itching)?
What nematode causes whipworm?
- Enterobius vermicularis
- Trichuris trichiura - leads to blood diarrhea and anemia, —> Barrel shaped eggs
What metazoa (multicellular) is found in undercooked raw crab or crayfish in Asia, Africa, India, and Latin America, and present with eggs in bloody sputum?
- Paragonimus westermani
What is a cestode that is found in undercooked pork? What can it present with?
What Cestode can be found in undercooked beef?
What Cestode can be found in undercooked fish?
- Taenia solium can lead to Cysticercosis
- Taenia saginata
- Diphyllobothrium latum
