Herpesviridae Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are the types of viruses in the herpesviridae family?
Herpes simplex-1 - cold sores and STD Herpes Simplex Virus-2: STD Varicella-Zoster Virus: Chickenpox and shingles Epstein-Barr virus: mononucleosis CMV: asymtomatic disease - birth defects HHV-6 & HHV-8: Roseola and AIDS related
What is the structure of a herpes virus.
Where is HSV-1 latent?
- Linear, double stranded DNA, icosahedral, envelope
- HSV-1 in the trigeminal
Where is HSV-2 latent?
Where is VZV latent?
HSV-2 is latent in the sacral root ganglia
VZV is latent in the dorsal root ganglia
Where is EBV, CMV, and HHV-6 latent?
- in the white blood cells;
What is the average incubation period of HSV-1 and HSV-2?
What are primary infections like in HSV-1 and HSV-2?
- average time is 6 days
- The lesion (aka “dew drop on a rose petal”) are painful, itch and contain LOTS of virus. After primary infection the virus persistis in the host for the entire lifetime of host.
What are HSV-1 and HSV-2 recurrent infections like?
What initiates it?
- milder and shorter in duration
- A stressor (trauma, stress, UV-irradiation, hormones)
What are the disease manifestations of HSV-1?
- Primary orofacial (gingivostomatitis), recurrent stomatitis (cold sores), herpes gladitorium/whitlow, encephalitis, ocular herpes.
What are the disease manifestations of HSV-2?
- STD, herpetic whitlow, and encephalitis
How often is HSV-1 symptoms recur?
1-2 times a year but healing is rapid and complete (8-10 days)
How can HSV-1 effect the eye?
What is the #1 cause of viral encephalitis?
- one of the leading causes of blindness in the world, contains dendritic ulcerations (branching)
- HSV-1 in the post-natal period, and HSV-2 in the neonatal period (except no orbitofrontal or temporal lobe localization)
What is Herpes Gladiatorum?
Where is HSV viral encephalitis isolated to?
- HSV-1 dermatitis - most commonly in wrestlers and rugby players
- in one hemisphere
What are the classical symptoms of HSV-2 in females?
What are the classical symptoms of HSV-2 in males?
What are some constitutional symptoms?
Perfuse watery discharge, dewdrops on a severe pain - 50% are asymptomatic.
-vesicales on glans penis or penile shaft, constitutional symptoms.
Constitutional sym: fever, dysuria, localized inguinal adenopathy, malaise, stiff neck ,headache, and photophobia.
Are constitutional symptoms present upon reactivation?
What’s Herpetic Whitlow?
- NO
- Either HSV1 or HSV2 of the fingers - think dentists.
What is the primary infection of varicella zoster virus called?
How is it transmitted?
- Chicken Pox
- Respiratory of aerosolized particles from skin lesions.
Where does VZV replicate?
Is chicken pox more severe in adulthood or childhood?
- in the respiratory epithelial cells, spreads through lymphatics.
- more severe in childhood
What are the symptomatic rash of VZV like?
- maculopapular lesions begin on scalp and spread to the trunk and extremities. Progresses to vesicular, ALL 3 lesion types can be found simultaneously.
What do you not wanna give to children with chickenpox?
What is the reactivation of the chicken pox called?
Aspirin’s because of Reye’s
- Shingles
Is there a respiratory component to shingles?
What is the pattern of the rash in shingles?
- No; activation (in the dorsal root ganglion) due to a stressor
- along the dermatome - very painful
What types of vaccinations are available?
- live attenuated vaccine, while a passive immunization is more useful for immunocompromised.
What diseases are associated with Epstein Barr virus?
- infectious mononucleosis
- Burkitt’s lymphoma
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
- Chronic EBV
- Lymphoproliferative disease
Where are the sites of latency for EBV?
What are the target cells for EBV?
- in B cells
- the epithelial cells within the oropharynx become persistently infected (lytic infection)
What is the prodrome in EBV? What occurs afterward?
- low-grade fever, chills, anorexia, fatigue, malaise, myalgia, retro-orbital headache, fullness; and acute mononucleosis occurs afterwards.
How is EBV transmitted?
- Adolescents and adults - transmission occurs through kissing; among young children occurs when sharing objects contaminated with saliva
What are the clinical manifestations of infectious mononucleosis?
How does EBV use B cells?
- Profound Fatigue**,Pharyngitis, Cervical lymphadenopathy (mostly unilateral), fever, splenomegaly.
- Uses them to proliferative (using the CD21 to hide) produce IgM (produce heterophile antibodies)
