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PEDs Exam 1 > G&D of a Toddler > Flashcards

G&D of a Toddler Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Birth weight should _____ by 30 months.

A

quadruple

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2
Q

The toddler should achieve what % of adult height by 2 years (24 months)?

A

50%

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3
Q

The toddler may appear to be bowlegged and _____ when he/she walks.

A

potbellied

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4
Q

All _____ teeth should be present, and how many are there?

A

primary; 20

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5
Q

The anterior fontanel closes by what age? (months)

A

18 months

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6
Q

At what age should a toddler be able to kick a ball? (months)

A

24 months (2 years)

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7
Q

At what age should the toddler begin to feed himself/herself with a spoon and drink from a cup? (months)

A

24 months (2 years)

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8
Q

Daytime toilet training can usually be started by what age? (months)

A

24 months (2 years)

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9
Q

Two – three word sentences are spoken by what age? (months)

A

24 months (2 years)

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10
Q

Three – four word sentences are spoken by what age? (months)

A

36 months (3 years)

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11
Q

By 2 1/2 to 3 years, a toddler should be able to say what?

A

Their own first and last name

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12
Q

T/F: Temper tantrums are uncommon in the age group.

A

FALSE; they are very common

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13
Q

What is Erikson’s stage of Psychological Development for this age group?

A

Autonomy vs. shame and doubt

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14
Q

what age group does toddlers include?

A

12 to 36 months/ one to three years old

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15
Q

At what age should a toddler be walking by?

A

15 months

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16
Q

what are some other task that a toddler at 15 months should be able to do?

A
  • walking
  • climbing on anything
  • removing clothing
  • Stoops and recovers
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17
Q

what are some task that a toddler at 18 months should be able to do?

A
  • runs clumsily, falls often
  • walks upstairs with handheld
  • jumps in place with both feet
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18
Q

what is the number one concern for toddlers?

A

injuries and prevention including securing TV and shelves

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19
Q

what tasks should a toddler be able to do by 24 months?

A
  • throw a ball overhand (more control with hands)
  • kicks ball
  • goes up and down stairs with two feet on each step
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20
Q

what are some task that a toddler should be able to do about 30 months?

A
  • jump from chair, steps, anything (safety)

- stands on one foot momentarily

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21
Q

what are some fine motor things that a toddler should be able to do?

A
  • scribbles all over everything
  • dexterity (shows favor to one hand or the other)
  • can use a spoon and toothbrush, but messy
  • wash and dry hands at 24 months
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22
Q

what is negativism?

23
Q

what is ritualism and how was it accomplished?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • I want things to be the same

- keep a consistent schedule

24
Q

How can you avoid a toddler having a negativism/ no mentality?

Study These Flashcards
A

ask them to help you do something or give them an option between two things

25
what is Piaget’s cognitive development for toddlers?
- sensorimotor | - cause and relationship, but toddlers don't know not to do it again even if it caused pain the first time
26
what is Kohlberg’s moral development of toddlers?
- moral reasoning, security and self esteem | - pre-conventional or pre-moral phase: whether an action is good or bad depends on whether it is rewarded or punished
27
what are some critical tasks during the toddler period?
- recognition of self as a separate person with own will - control of impulses an acquisition of socially acceptable ways to communicate wants and needs - control of elimination - toleration of separation from parent
28
What is animism?
toddler will believe that objects are alive; broomstick=horse
29
what is irreversibility?
the toddler can't see everything that went into cake, they just see the cake itself. they also can't understand that multiple pieces made a puzzle, they just see the whole puzzle.
30
putting 2 words together occurs at what age ( 25% intelligible)
15 to 18 months
31
when is a toddler able to understand simple directions search is 2 to three word faces ( 50% intelligible)
24 months, two years
32
By 36 months, three years, a toddler is able to understand simple directions and say ___ to ___ word phrases/sentences ( 75% intelligible).
3-4
33
at what age can a toddler say their first and last name?
30 months to 36 months, 2 1/2 to three years
34
at what age does a toddler become more of a negotiator and has less tantrums?
36 months, three years
35
when communicating with a toddler it is important too do what 2 things?
- ask parents what Childs words are for things like voiding or hunger or a specific body part - tell the toddler exactly what you were going to do before you were going to do it
36
What are three distinct parenting issues that occur during toddler years?
- discipline - toilet training - temper tantrums
37
T/F: Guardians should be recommended to do specific training (toilet training) during a time of moving or arrival of a new sibling?
false, do not try to train during stressors which include moving, divorce, surgery, arrival of a new sibling
38
what are signs that show readiness for toilet training and a toddler?
- can remove own clothing - is willing to let go of a toy when asked - has been walking well for one year - notices when diaper is wet - communicates need to go to the bathroom - wants to please parents by staying dry - family not under major stressors
39
what are things the Guardian can do to limit temper tantrums?
- limited language leads to frustration - anticipation - isolate safely and ignore
40
T/F: Inconsistent parental practices increase frequency of tantrums.
true
41
What is some anticipatory teaching that should be provided to the Guardian of a toddler?
- regular mealtimes with utensils that fit - meal times with family - soft toothbrush, non-fluoride toothpaste - limit TV viewing to one hour per day - bedtime routine
42
How many hours of sleep does a 1- to 2-year-old need?
11 to 14 hours per day including naps.
43
how many hours of sleep does a three- to five-year-old need?
10 to 13 hours per day including naps.
44
toddlers have the _____ number of taste buds and the _____ degree of taste sensitivity.
higher, therefore they get picky or get stuck on a few foods
45
What are some age appropriate toys for toddler?
- noisemaking, push-pull toys, riding toys, workbench, toy hammers, musical anything, drums, pots and pans - blocks, puzzles with very few large pieces - finger paints, crayons, clay - dolls, stuffed animals - toy telephones - storybooks with pictures
46
What are the four most common injuries for a toddler?
- accidental poisonings - drowning (even in bathtubs) - burns (from pots and candles) - falls (downstairs , use gates)
47
What are three things that are checked at a well-child visit for a toddler?
- blood lead levels r/t lead poisoning - hemoglobin/hematocrit r/t iron deficiency anemia - vision screening (checking for strabismus)
48
hospitalization of a toddler interferes with the developmental tasks of developing a sense of ________ and autonomy.
control
49
What are the two major fears a toddler encounters during hospitalization?
loss of control and separation
50
What are some supportive interventions for toddlers and their families?
- minimize separation from guardian - simple, brief explanations - ask about home routines and rituals - teach patient to explain their plans to the child (“I will be back after your nap.”) - provide sensory play (water play, finger painting) - trips to the playroom: mobility (when possible) is very important to their development - expect regression
51
What is the normal heart rate for a toddler?
90-140
52
What is the normal respiratory rate for toddlers?
24-40
53
What is the normal BP for a toddler?
- Systolic: 80-112 | - Diastolic: 50-80
54
concepts of bodily injury for the toddler is what?
they fear intrusive procedures

PEDs Exam 1 (7 decks)

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