G.A. 1: The urinary system Flashcards by brittany treadway

2 main fxn of the kidney:

Excrete waste product (Nitrogenous waste)

2. Homeostasis- water & electrolyte, and acid- base balance

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The kidneys are _____peritoneal

retro

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The kidneys are located btw which vert.s?

T12-L3

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____ kindey is slightly lower then the ___ kidney

Right is lower then the left

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The _____ kidney is lower because of the ____

Right,

Liver

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Major structures of the kidney hilum from anterior to posterior

Anterior: Renal vein
Renal Artery
Posterior: Renal pelvis

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**Name the organs that form the urinary system

Kidney
bladder
ureter
urethra

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**What structures are anterior to the Right Kidney

liver
ascending colon
Duodenum
Small intestine

(Right ant= L.A.D.S)

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**What structures are anterior to the Left Kidney

Spleen
Stomach
Pancreas
Small intestine
Descending colon

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Rib ______ is posterior to the right kidney

12th rib

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Rib ____ is posterior to the left kidney

11th and 12th rib

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**________ is the layer of fat outside of the kidney capsule

perirenal fat

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_____ is right above the cortex of the kidney

fibrous capsule

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The outermost layer of the structures that **support and hold the kidney in place is the ______ fat

pararenal fat

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The kidney cortex holds the ___

renal columns

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_____ are inward extension between the renal pyramids

renal columns

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The medulla is made up of ____

pyramids

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The apex of the renal pyramid is the _____

papilla

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2 or 3 _____ form the major calyces

minor calyces

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Why does the medulla appear striated

pyramids have tubles that collect urine

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Where are collecting tubules located for urine

the renal pyramid

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What structures does the renal sinus contain?

branches of renal art. 
renal vein 
autonomic nerves 
lympathic vessels 
minor/major calyces

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Where is the renal sinus located?

between the calyces

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______ –> segmental art–> lobar art –> arcuate art–> interlobular art

renal art

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renal art --> _____ --> lobar art --> _____ --> interlobar art

segmental art arcuate art

renal art --> segmental art --> _____ __> arcuate art --> _____

lobar art interlobular art

The NS for the kidney is the ____ plexus

Renal sympathetic plexus

The renal sympathetic plexus contains_____

pre gg, post gg (mostly), GVA

_____ fibers travel through the renal plexus entering the SC in the 10th, 11th, and 12th thoracic N

GVA

The GVA fibers traveling through the renal plexus entering the SC in the ______ Nerves

10th, 11th and 12th thoracic nerves

Referred pain of the kidney is along the ___ dermatome

T12 | "loin of the groin"

c.c A patient is saying that he feels pain along the upper groin area. This can be referred pain of _______

the kidney , T12 dermatome

Path of the ureter

Kidney to bladder Paired: right/left

Path of the urethra

bladder to outside

The ureter runs downward posterior to _____ and anterior to _____

posterior: parietal peritoneum anterior: psoas

What muscle does the ureter run anterior to?

psoas

The ureter passes anterior to the bifurcation of the ____ to enter the pelvic

bifurcation of the common iliac art

The ureter runs down the lateral pelvic wall to level of ____

ischial spine

The ureter turns forward to terminate with the _____

urinary bladder

Where are three sites where stones can get stuck in the ureter

1. uretropelvic jxn (where renal pelvis joins ureter) 2. as it crosses the pelvic rim 3. When it pierces the bladder

Stones can occur in the ureter when the renal pelvis joins the __

ureter

Stones can occur in the ureter when it crosses the ____

pelvic brim

Stones can occur in the ureter when it pierces the _____

bladder wall

The ureters are __peritoneal

retro

The restriction that occurs in the bladder wall prevents a ______ in the ureter

retrograde (backflow) in the ureter

bladder location is posterior to ____

pubic bone | in adults

In children an empty bladder projects above the upper border of _______

pubic symphysis

When the bladder fills the ______ wall rises into the _______ region

the superior wall rises into the hypogastric region

An empty bladder is ___ in shape

pyramidal

When the bladder fills the peritoneum of the ______ peels

lower part of anterior abd. wall

The apex of the bladder points ____

anteriorly

The apex of the bladder is found on top of _____

symphasis pubis - conti of the medial umbilical lig.

The base of the bladder faces ____

posterior

The superior surface of the bladder is the ____

fundus

The fundus of the bladder is under the _____ in female and _____ in males

female: uterus Male: small interestine

Around the neck of the bladder is the _____

internal urethra sphincer aka "sphincter vesicae"

c.c _________ condition where the bladder is inflammed from sex

honeymoon cystietes

The shape of the base of the bladder is _____

triangular

The superiorlateral angle of the base of the bladder joins with the ____

ureter

The inferior angle of the bladder base gives of the _____

urethra

______ is where the urethra begins

internal urethral orifice

In males the neck of the bladder rests on the superior surface of the _____

prostate

In fenales the neck of the bladder rests on the superior surface of the _____

urogenital diaphragm

_____ is a smooth internal surface of the base of the stomach

trigone

GVA fibers to the bladder are carried by ____

pelvic splanchnic nerves

Sacral splanchnic nerves to the bladder are ___gg ___

pre gg SP | L1,L2

Muscle in the bladder is called the ____

detrusor M

The detrusor muscle of the bladder consists of ____ muscle

smooth

______ m is at the neck of the bladder and forms the sphincter vesicae

detrusor

PS favors ________ of the bladder

emptying

SP favors _____ of the bladder

retension

The PS stim will cause a ____ of the detrusor m. and _____ of the sphincter

contraction of detrusor Relaxation of the sphincter PS= urination

A SP stim will cause a _____ of the detrusor m and a _____ of the sphincter

relaxation of the detrusor (so bladder can fill) Contraction of the sphincter SP = retaining

The SP of the bladder is ____ vert. level

T11-L2

The PS of the bladder is ___ vert level

S2-S4

Origin of the urethra

internal orifice (in bladder)

Termination of the urethra

external orifice (meatus) on glans penis

3 parts of the male urethra

1. prostatic 2. membranous 3. penile (spongy)

dilation of the glans penis is the _____

navicular fossa

external orifice is also known as the ____

meatus

G.A. 1: The urinary system Flashcards

(80 cards)