GA1. Perineum, male repro, female repro Flashcards by brittany treadway

**______ is defined as the ENTIRE outlet of the pelvic cavity

perineum

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perineum is Anterior boundary of the____

pubic symphysis

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The perineum is anteriorlaterally bounded by the __

inferior pubic rami

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The perineum is laterally bounded by the ____

ischial tuberosities

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Perineum is posteriorlaterally bounded by ___

sacrotuberus lig

inf. boarder of the glut max

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perineum is posteriorly bounded by the ____

coccyx

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**_____ separates the main pelvic cavity from the pelvic diaphragm

perineum

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_______ is the space btw the glut max (skin) & pelvic diaphragm

ischianl fossae

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The ischioanal fossae contains what stuctures

fat
pudential N
internal pudential A&V

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The ischioanal fossae containsed the ____ canal (give the two names)

pudential conal

alcocks canal

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Epithelium of the top 1/2 of the anal canal is ______

simple columnar

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Epithelium of the lower half of the anal canal is _____

strat. squamous

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The supercial perineal fascia is called ____ fascia

colle’s

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2 boundaries of the superficial perineal pouch

btw the

inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm
membranous layer of the superficial fascia (Colle’s)

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***5 structures that are located in the superficial perineal pouch of males and females

ischiocavernosus
bulbospongiosus
superficial transverse m.
internal pudenal VAN
Perineal body

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boundary of the deep perineal pouch

superior and inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm

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(6) contents of the deep perineal pouch

membranous urethra
sphincter urethrae
bulbourethral glands
deep transverse perineal m.
internal pudendal a.
dorsal nerve of penis

- females also have
  1. urethra
  2. vagina

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Superficial structures of the male urogenital triangle

penis

scrotum

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____ prvides a foundation for the errectile tissues of the male and female genital

perineal membrane

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_____ contains the external female genital organs

vulva

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Contents of the vulva (7)

mons pubis 
labia majora
labia minora
vestible 
vaginal orifice 
opening of the greater vestibular glands (barolins) 
clit

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what are the 2 addition structures that the female has in the superficial perineal pouch that males do not have

paraurethral glands

2. greater vestibular glands (bartholin’s glands)

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greater vestibular glands aka _____

bartholin’s glands

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____ are homo. to the prostate

paraurethral glands

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____ secretes mucous into the vestible

paraurethral glands and bartholins

_____ are overlapped by the bulb of the vestible

bartholins glands

_____ glands are surrounded by the bulbospongiusus

bartholin gland

2 extra structures that females have in the deep perineal pouch

urethra | vagina

c.c. ____ reflex: insert finger in rectum and pinch the glans penis -- the extrnal anal sphinter reacts

bulbospingiosus reflex

c.c What is being tested for in the bulbospingiosus reflex

external anal sphincter to react S2,S3,S4

C.c. What SNs are being tested for in the bulbospingiosus reflex

S2,S3,S4

______ helps to expel the last drops of urine/semen from the penis

bulbospingiosus

_____ supports the perineal body to the pelvic floor

bulbospongiosus

bulbospooingiosus innervation

pudendal N (S2,3,4)

Ischiocaverosus innervation

Pudendal N (S2,S3,S4)

origin of the superficial transverse perineal M

ischiopubic ramis | ischial tuberosity

Superficial transverse Perineal M innervation

pudendal N

Lat boundary of the ischiorectal fossa

ischium, obturator internus, obturator fascia

Medial boundary of the ischiorectal fossa

external anal sphincter

Roof of the ischiorectal fossa

levator ani

Posterior wall of the ischiorectal fossa

sacrotuberous lig, glut max

Anterior wall of the ischiorectal fossa

pubic bone, | inferior to the origin of the pubiorectalis

Contents of the ischiorectal fossa

fat | alcocks canal

alcocks canal is located _____

in the ischiorectal fossa

alcocks canal contains ____

internal pudendal N pudendal VAN (aka pudendal canal)

Testis (homo) -

ovary

gubernaculum testis (homo)-

ovarian lig , round lig

penis (homo)-

clit

raphe (homo)-

laia minora

Scrotum (homo)

labia majora

prostatc utricle (homo)

vagina

prostate gland (homo)

Urethral/paraurethral glands

Bulbourethral gland (homo)

greater vestibular gland

Internal organs of the female reproduction system

1. ovaries 2. uterus 3. vagina

location of the ovaries

lateral wall, enclosed within mesovarium

what are the ovaries enclosed in

mesovarium

____ lig attaches the superior pole of the ovary to lateral pelvis

suspensory lig

____ lig attaches the inferior pole of ovary to uterus

ovarian lig

function of the ovary

ovum producing gonad

___ art supplies the ovary

ovarian art <-- abd aorta

ovarian art is a branch of the ____

abd. aorta

Nerve supply of the ovaries

ovarian plexus (SP)

GVA fibers for the ovaries come from ___ spinal level

T10

____ fibers supply the ovaries

GVA

Venous supply of the ovaries drain into____

``` R= IVC L= L. Renal V. ```

_____ passes though the wall of the uterus. Located inside the myometrium wall of the uterus,

intramural segment

____ is the opening of the intramural segment within the uterus wall

uterine ostium

_____ is the opening of the infundibulum into the abdominal cavity

abdominal ostium

BS of the uterine tube

uterine art & ovarian art

What is the uterine art a branch of

internal iliac art

Nerve supply to the uterine tube

inferior hypogastric plexus

__fiber to the inferior hypogastric plexus

GVA

____ types of gg to the inferior hypogastric flexus

post gg SP pre gg SP Pre gg PS GVA

shape of uterus

pear shape

shape of ovaries

almond

The uterus rests upon the ____

bladder

uterus is mainly in ____ postition

horizontal

**anteflexed _____ degrees

170

**anteversion _____ degrees

principle suports of the uterus (2)

1. pelvic floor | 2. viscera

Name the three layers of the uterus

1. perimetrium 2. myometrium 3. endometerium

Name the 3 broad lig.

1. mesometrium 2. mesosalpinx 3. meovarium

The fundus lies superior to the _____

uterine ostia | hole in the uterine wall through which the intramural segmental tube enters

_____ separates the body of the uterus from the cervix

isthmus

__ is the opening from the vagina into the cervix

external os of the uterus

____ recess that surrounds the cervux

vaginal fornix

measure anteversion through the ____

body and vaginal canal (90 degrees) | "V"ersion- vagina

measure anterflexion through the ____

body and cervix (170 degrees)

BS to the uterus

ovarian art (abd. aorta) uterine art (internal iliac art) ** main BS

_____ plexus supplies the uterus

uterovaginal plexus

c.c.____ is an infection that can occur in female abd. cavities because the vagina is open to the external world

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

c.c. what would have to be done if the uterine art. is cut doing surgery

emergency hysterectomy

cc plexus by a gravid uterus will cause pain to where?

sciatic N

c.c. ____ is a condition where the uterus protrudes through the vaginal canal

uterine prolapse

c.c. ____ the presence of functioning endometrium outside of the uterus

endometriosis

c.c. _____ endometrium has grown into the myometrium

endometriosis interna blood can get trapped and cause a cyst

c.c. _____ endometrium has grown into the ovary/pelvic cavity

endometriosis external "chocolate ovaries"

The vagina extends from the ___ to the ___

vestible --> cervix

The anterior wall of the vagina is ___ then the posterior wall

shorter

the posterior wall of the vagina is ___ then the anterior wall

longer

The culs-de-sac around the cervix is called the ___

fornix

____ & ____ is anterior to the vagina

urinary bladder & urethra

(3) structures that are posterior to the vagina

1. rectouterine pouch 2. rectal ampulla 3. perineal body

at full term the baby hump is at the ____

xiphoid process

the baby hump is at the _____ at 6 months

umbilicus

cc 3 signs of cervical cancer

1. leukoplasia (white spots) 2. nodular lesions 3. pollips protruding out of opening- bleeding between menstrual cycles

BS to the vagina

vaginal art <-- iinternal iliac art

NS to the upper portion of the vagina

uterovaginal plexus

NS to the lower portion of the vagina

pudendal N

NS to the vagina

uterovaginal plexus | pudendal N

_____ fibers innervate the vagina

GSA, GSE

cc. _____ : condition known for the spasm of the vagina

vaginismus

name the 6 structures that make up the external female genitalia

``` mons pubis labia majora labia minora vestible clitoris bulbs of the vestible ```

fat covering the pubic bone

mons pubis

____ bounds the urogenital vestible

labia majora

_____ is where the labia majora meet

labial commissure

NS to the clitoris

pudendal N

BS to the clitoris

internal pudendal art

__ forms the prepuce and frenulum of the clit

labia minora

____ is the cleft btw the labia minora

vestible

the opening of the vestible contains (5) structures

``` urethra vagina ducts of greater vestibule gland external urethral orifice- paraurethral gland hymen ```

clitoris attaches to the ischiopubic rami by ___

crura

The bulb of the vestibule are invested in the ____ M

bulbocavernosus

fibrous capsule that covers over the testes

tunica albuginea

serous mm. that covers the testis

tunica vaginalis

two hormones that stim the testis

LH (ICHS) | FSH

___ hormone stim interstitial cells to produce testosterone

LH (ICHS)

___ horm. stimulates spermatogenesis

FSH

_____ plexus supplies the testis

testicular plexus - T10

Spinal level of the testicular plexus

T10 - why it hurts in the stomach to get kicked

BS of the testis

testicular art <-- aorta

4 parts of the male reproductive tract

epididymus ductus deferens ejaculatory ducts urethra

______ monitors the composition of the tubular fluid of the male repro tract

epididymus

____ is the site of sperm maturation

epididymus

____ is the site for sperm storage

epididymus

______ site helps to propel the sperm towards the urethra

epididymus

___ is the recycling center for damaged spermatozoa

epididymus

____ begins after the epipdidymus (origin)

vas deferens

_____ emerges from the deep inguinal ring to enter the pelvic cavity and goes through the posterior surface of the bladder

vas deferens

The vas deferens enter the bladder through the ______

posterior surface

______ joings seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct

epididymus

epididymus joins the _____ to form the ejaculatory duct

vas deferens

the epididymus and the seminal vesicle join to form _____

ejaculatory duct

_____ conveys sperm from the epididymus to the ejaculatory duct

vas deferens

vas deferens has a dilated end called the ___

ampulla

seminal vesicle is a ____ gland

accessory gland

____ lies n the posterior surface of the bladder

seminal vesicle - lateral to the vas deferens

_____ secretes fructose for the seminal fluid

seminal vesicles

____ secretes 60% of the seminal fluid

seminal vesicles

What lies medial to the seminal vescicle

ampulla of the vas deferens

____ drains fluid into the prostatic urethra

ejaculatory duct

_____ lies between the neck of the bladder and urogenital diaphragm

prostate

___ : superior to the prostate

neck of the bladder

___: inferior to the prostate

ureogenital diaphragm

____: anterior to the prostate

symphysis pubis

____: posterior to the prostate

rectal ampulla

____: lateral to the prostate

lavator ani

____ makes the milky seminal solution that breaks down the cervical mm.

prostate

the prostate produces __% of the seminal fluid

20-30%

bulbourethral gland (homo)

greater vestibule gland

termination of the bulburethral gland

penile portion of the urethra

location of the bulbourethral gland

beneath the sphinter urethra M

sectretions from ____ lubercate the tip of the penis and neutralizes the acidity of the urethra

bulbourethral glands

_____ surrounds the 3 errectile tissues in the penis

bucks fascia

2 portions of the root of the penis

bulb | crura

______ is the errectile tissue located on the ventral side of the penis

corpora spongiosum

______ is the errectile tissue on the dorsal side of the penis

corpora cavernosa

preputial glands secrete?

smegma

Bulbocavernosus reflex

rectal exam to check the reflex of S2,3,4

Hypospadias

ext of the urethra is on the underside (ventral)

epispadias

ext of the urethr is on the top side (dorsal)

average amount of seminal fluid per ejaculatio n

3-5ml

name the four glands that contribute to semen

1. testis /epipdidymus: 5% 2. Seminal vesicle: 60% 3. prostate gland -30% 4. bulbourethral glands- less then 5%

SP or PS act: errection

Sp/ PS act: lubercation

movement of the sperm cells and secretions from the genital ducts is ______pathetic

sympathetic reflex

ejaculation is a _____ reflex

sympathetic

GA1. Perineum, male repro, female repro Flashcards

(177 cards)