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Clinical Kinesiology > Gait > Flashcards

Gait Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Gait Cycle?

A

Heel strike to heel strike on the same leg

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2
Q

What is Stance Phase?

A
  • From heel strike to toe off

- 60% of gait cycle

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3
Q

What is Swing Phase?

A
  • From toe off to heel strike

- 40% of gait cycle

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4
Q

What is Double Support?

A
  • When both feet are on the floor

- 20% of gait cycle

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5
Q

What is stride?

A

heel strike to heel strike (same as gait cycle)

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6
Q

What is step?

A

heel strike on one foot to heel strike on other foot

2 steps = stride

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7
Q

What is stride length?

A
  • Linear distance of how far was traveled during one gait cycle.
  • overall avg for adults is 4.6 ft (higher for men)
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8
Q

What is Cadence?

A

number of steps per unit of time. (Avg 113/min)

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9
Q

What is the order of the traditional phases of the gait cycle?

A
  1. Heel strike
  2. Foot flat
  3. Mid stance
  4. Heel off
  5. Toe off
  6. Acceleration
  7. Mid swing
  8. Deceleration
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10
Q

What controls the amount of pelvis tilt in the frontal plane?

A

On the stance leg- gluteus medius ECCENTRICALLY controls amount of inferior tilt on the swing side and lateral displacement (lateral weight shift) over the stance leg.

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11
Q

What muscle controls alignment of the lower extremity during midswing?

A

Adductors

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12
Q

What occurs at the pelvis and trunk when stepping forward with the right foot?

A

Right trunk rotation- because left shoulder coming forward

Anterior rotation of the right pelvis

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13
Q

How do muscle forces and the ground reaction force interact during gait?

A

Muscle forces must counteract and overcome this force.

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14
Q

At heel strike what is happening at the R ankle?

A

Position: neutral
Muscle: dorsiflexors
Contraction: Isometric

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15
Q

At heel strike what is happening at the R knee?

A

Position: full extension
Muscle: Quads
Contraction: Isometric

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16
Q

At heel strike what is happening at the R hip?

A

Position: 30 degrees of flexion
Muscle: glute max, HS, Adductor Magnus
Contraction: Isometric

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17
Q

At heel strike what is the R pelvis motion?

A

Anterior rotation 5 degrees

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18
Q

At foot flat what is happening at the R ankle?

A

Position: 15 degrees of plantar flexion
Muscle: dorsiflexors
Contraction: eccentric- b/c have to control momentum

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19
Q

At foot flat what is happening at the R knee?

A

Position: 15 degrees of flexion
Muscle: quads
Contraction: eccentric

20
Q

At foot flat what is happening at the R hip?

A

Position: 30 degrees of flexion
Muscle: Glute Max, HS
Contraction: isometric

21
Q

At foot flat what is happening at the R pelvis?

A

Anterior rotation

22
Q

At mid stance what is happening at the R ankle?

A

Position: to 10-15 degrees of dorsiflexion
Muscle: plantarflexors
Contraction: eccentric- b/c controling momentum

23
Q

At mid stance what is happening at the R knee?

A

Position: extending to neutral
Muscle: quads (ext to 0) then HS (prevent hyperextension)
Contraction: concentric

24
Q

At mid stance what is happening at the R hip?

A

Position: extending to neutral
Muscle: quiet- because of momentum
Contraction: quiet- because of momentum

25
Q

At mid stance what is happening at the R pelvis?

A

neutral

26
Q

At heel off what is happening at the R ankle?

A

Position: Return to neutral
Muscle: plantarflexors
Contraction: eccentric to concentric

27
Q

At heel off what is happening at the R knee?

A

Position: still extending to neutral (late heel off begin flexion)
Muscle: Iliopsoas (in late heel off) b/c we are in a closed chain
Contraction: concentric

28
Q

At heel off what is happening at the R hip?

A

Position: apparent 10 degrees of hyperextension
Muscle: beginning flexors in late heel off
Contraction: concentric

29
Q

At heel off what is happening at the R pelvis?

A

neutral

30
Q

At toe off what is happening at the R ankle?

A

Position: 15-20 degrees of plantarflexion
Muscle: dorsiflexors
Contraction: concentric (we need to get out PF to clear our toes)

31
Q

At toe off what is happening at the R knee?

A

Position: 35 degrees of flexion
Muscle: iliopsoas
Contraction: concentric

32
Q

At toe off what is happening at the R hip?

A

Position: neutral
Muscle: flexors
Contraction: concentric

33
Q

At toe off what is happening at the R pelvis?

A

posterior rotation

34
Q

At acceleration what is happening at the R ankle?

A

Position: Return to neutral (remember coming from PF)
Muscle: dorsiflexors
Contraction: concentric

35
Q

At acceleration what is happening at the R knee?

A

Position: 60 degrees of flexion
Muscle: HS
Contraction: concentric

36
Q

At acceleration what is happening at the R hip?

A

Position: 20 degrees of flexion
Muscle: flexors
Contraction: concentric

37
Q

At acceleration what is happening at the R pelvis?

A

Posterior rotation

38
Q

At mid swing what is happening at the R ankle?

A

Position: Neutral
Muscle: dorsiflexors
Contraction: concentric

39
Q

At mid swing what is happening at the R knee?

A

Position: 60 degrees of flexion
Muscle: HS
Contraction: concentric

40
Q

At mid swing what is happening at the R hip?

A

Position: 20-30 degrees of flexion
Muscle: flexors
Contraction: concentric

41
Q

At mid swing what is happening at the R pelvis?

A

Neutral

42
Q

At deceleration what is happening at the R ankle?

A

Position: neutral
Muscle: dorsiflexors
Contraction: isometric

43
Q

At deceleration what is happening at the R knee?

A

Position: Extending to 0
Muscle: Momentum extends, HS limit hyperextension
Contraction: eccentric

44
Q

At deceleration what is happening at the R hip?

A

Position: 30 degrees of flexion
Muscle: gluteus maximus, HS, Adductor magnus Post
Contraction: eccentric

45
Q

At deceleration what is happening at the R pelvis?

A

neutral

Clinical Kinesiology (9 decks)

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