Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Old DOOS > Gallbaldder > Flashcards

Gallbaldder Flashcards

1
Q

stones present in GB

A

cholelithiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

inflammation of GB, +/- stones (sludge)

A

cholecystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

stone in CBD (common bile duct) causing pain, jaundice, pancreatitis
can be acute or chornic

A

Choledocholithiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

stones or sludge in gallbladder that last for awhile

can have thickening of gallbladder wall and if it has calcium

A

chronic cholecystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what causes fatty food intolerance?

A

lack of bile salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what causes episodic pain from the gallbaldder?

A

Intermittent obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what causes pale feces?

A

lack of bile coloration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what causes pruritis from a gallbladder problem?

A

cholestasis, bile irritating skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is bile mostly made of?

A

Cholesterol from the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Of the 200-400 bilirubin produced each day, what happens to most of it?

A

fecal urobilinogen
some extreted in urine (urobilinogen)
some recycled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If urobilinogen is backing up in the systemic system, what might your urine look like?

A

Brown, like tea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

with acute cholecystitis what will you have?

A 
Fever
Leukocytosis 
Alkaline phosphate elevate (from liver and bone) because GB is irritating liver 
may have N/V (ileus possible) 
pancreatitis, metabolic derangement's
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What causes pancreatitis? from GB problem

A

If sludge, stone gets to distal end of bile duct and blocks the pancreatic duct.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Symptoms of pancreatitis

A

Band-like pain near umbilicus

Pancreas can hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a metabolic derangement?

A

Electrolytes are way off
can become acidodic
blood sugar can shoot up due to lack of insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Big collections of air fluid levels can indicate what?

A

Ileus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why are there not high pitched bowel sounds with an ileus

A

bowels aren’t moving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

5 “F’s” for a GB problem

A 
Fat
Fertile
Female 
Forty 
Fasting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the BEST test to find gallstones?

A

Ultrasound

shows stones, size, fluid, measurement of dilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How long should they fast before a GB US?

A

4-6 hours

should be a lot of bile stored, helps you see it better

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Imaging procedure used to diagnose problems in the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts.
a radioactive chemical or tracer is injected into a vein in your arm.
The tracer is handled by the liver like bile.

A

HIDA scan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What can the CT of GB show?

A

May show stones, but doesn’t necessarily give you information about inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

If a person is very obese, what diagnostic method doesn’t work as well?

A

Ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is an ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

diagnostic and therapeutic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Risk factors for gallstones
``` older, female pima indians, and native amercians obesity, rapid weight loss cirrhosis hemolytic anemia diabetes ```
26
What does a cholangiogram do?
Put catheter in liver, can drip dye in there if there is an obstruction can put in a T tube so bile can be drained look for stones that wandered further in the duct
27
If a diabetic has gallstones what should you do?
Plan a surgery to have it out before there is a problem
28
Is chemical gallstone dissolution helpful?
Not really, as soon as stop the drugs stones come back
29
Will there be an acoustic shadow with GI sludge?
no
30
what are most cases of pancreatitis due to?
alcoholism and biliary tract dz
31
what meds can cause pancreatitis?
hydrocholorthiazide
32
what can cause pancreatitis?
``` ulcer trauma tumor meds meatbolic disorders ```
33
most common people to have acute pancreatitis
male alcoholism | females with gallstone
34
What disease increases risk of acute pancreatitis?
AIDS
35
Drugs that can cause acute pancreatitis?
thiazides, diuretics, gluco-corticosteroids, azathioprine, sulfasalazine, herbal remedies
36
what are metabolic causes of acute pancreatitis?
hypercalcemia hypertriglyceridemia heredity
37
With pancreatitis what will there be an elevation of what levels?
Serum isoenzymes
38
What can you look for in the urine for acute pancreatitis?
Trypsinogen-2
39
what will you experience w/ acute pancreatitis?
``` Diabetic ketoacidosis enzymatic insufficiency calcium imbalance protein losses (ascities) hemorrhage and volume loss ```
40
What often sits in the pancreas with pancreatitis?
calcium
41
chronic pancreatitis causes
``` Recurrent chronic alcoholics biliary tract dz complications hypercalcemia, hyperlipidemia AIDS thiazides ```
42
signs of pancreatitis
Band-like epigastric pain | Fever, N/V, Ileus
43
what labs will be elevated with pancreatitis?
Serum amylase | Lipase
44
IS ERCP helpful with pancreatitis?
Can be, but may exacerbate symptoms | Usually do after NPO and in hospital for a few days
45
How do you treat pancreatitis?
``` eliminate irritants (EtOH, fat, meds) Hospitalize for IV hydration NPO and NG suction Antibiotics coverage for enterics pain management, nutrition ```
46
when do you start IV fluids and antibiotics with acute pancreatitis
When >30% of tissue is necrotic
47
who is esophageal cancer common in?
smokers alcoholics Lye ingestions advanced GERD
48
most common type of esophageal cancer?
Epidermoid (squamous cell)
49
Symptoms of esophageal CA
``` Reflux Odynophagia Dysphagia Regurgitation Inaition (the "blahs") ```
50
How does esophageal cancer spread?
Mucosa to mediastinum/ tachae | Regional nodes with rapid spread
51
what blood type is more likely to get cancer?
Type A blood
52
who is gastric CA common in
non-white | low socioeconomic status
53
what is gastric cancer related to
environment food prep nitrates
54
Risk factos for gastric Ca
H. pylori previous gastric surgery (Bilroth II) achlorhydria (inadequate acid)
55
Most common cell type for gastric cancer?
adenocarcinomas
56
some signs of gastric cancer
Iron deficiency anemia Heme + stool ascites L Supra-clavicular node enlargement
57
mainstay for diagnostic of gastric cancer?
endoscopy with biopsy and brushing
58
ways to prevent gastric cancer
stop smoking/ alcohol management of GERD manage H. pylori reduce nitrates in food prep
59
who are colon and rectal carcinomas common in?
males | increases with age
60
Is there a genetic connection with colon and rectal cancer?
yes, autosomal dominant familial adenomatous
61
in the eastern world where are colorectal cancers more common?
right side of the colon
62
more colorectal cancers develop from what type polyps?
adenomatous polyps
63
what is the difference between synchronus and metachornus neoplasia?
synchronus came about at the same time, near eachother | metachronus is the opposite
64
a polyp size greater than what has a worse prognosis?
1.5 cm
65
where do most metastases from colorectal cancer go?
Liver due to portal circulation
66
Risks with pancreatic cancer?
High alcohol and smoking habits male DM, chronic pancreatitic dry cleaning and gasoline chemicals (may)
67
Symptoms of pancreatic cancer?
``` unexplained pain weight loss jaundice depression DVT ```
68
How do you diagnose pancreatic cancer?
ultrasound and CT percutaneous fine needle aspiration endo retro cholangio pancreatography
69
What are some cancer serum markers for pancreatic cancer?
CA 19-9 | CEA
70
15 % of the time with an unprovoked DVT what will a patient have?
An undiagnosed malignancy somewhere because malignancy makes the blood hyper-coaguable
71
what part of the pancreas is pancreatic cancer likely to occur?
Head
72
why might a person with pancreatic cancer have painless jaundice?
common bile duct obstruction

Old DOOS (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions