Gamete Transport And Fertilization Flashcards
(82 cards)
It re-absorbs a significant amount of rete fluid into the lumen of epididymal duct
Proximal head of the epididymis
It secretes fluid into the lumen of the epididymal duct
Distal head of epididymis
It lies parallel to the ductus deferens, wherein concentrations of sperm remain relatively constant
Body of epididymis (Corpus)
Sperm within this location are eligible for ejaculation. They move through the DD and into the pelvic urethra during sexual stimulation
Distal Tail (DT) of the Epididymis
Sperm within this location cannot be moved into an ejaculatory position following sexual stimulation.
Proximal tail (PT) of the Epididymis
These are abnormalities that originated during spermatogenesis in the testis.
Primary defects
These are abnormalities that occur during epididymal transport.
Secondary abnormalities
Head abnormalities
Middle-piece abnormalities (e.g., Abaxial attachment, Double / Coiled middle piece, Frayed, thin middle piece)
Tail abnormalities (Coiled-tail)
Primary abnormalities
Loose normal heads
Sperm cells with bent tails
Detachment of galea capitis (acrosome)
Cytoplasmic droplets
Secondary abnormalities
A process of climbing onto the female
Mounting
A successful entrance of the penis into the vagina
Intromission
It takes place in response to sensory stimulation of the glans penis
Ejaculation
Copulatory Behavior Steps
Mounting -> Intromission -> Stimulation of glans penis -> Emission -> Forceful muscle contraction -> Ejaculation / Semen expulsion
An ejaculation phased controlled by Sympathetic NS
Emission
An ejaculation phased controlled by Parasympathetic NS
Expulsion
Sperm is released from epididymis (DT)
Seminal fluid is released from seminal vesicle, prostates, and Cowper’s gland
Sperm and seminal fluid is mixed in prostatic urethra
Emission
Contraction of pelvic muscles
Forceful expulsion of semen through urethral meatus
Expulsion
Peristalsis and beating of cilia in this location brings ovum toward the isthmus
Infundibulum and Ampulla
It has fewer cilia and thicker smooth muscle (dictates movement of ovum)
Isthmus
Ovum transport in the oviduct takes ?
7 days
Via twitching movement, there is fluid flow in these areas
Seminiferous tubules and rete testes
There is smooth muscle contraction and the cilia prevents clogging via swirling motion to separate spermatozoa
Vas efferentia
There is also smooth contraction in these areas
Epididymis, Vas deferens, Pelvic urethra, Penile urethra
It is secreted during copulation and responsible for uterine contractility, sperm transport process, and ejaculatory process
Oxytocin
