Reproductive Hormones

Question 1

GnRH meaning

Answer 1

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone

Question 2

Source of GnRH

Answer 2

Hypothalamic surge and tonic centers

Question 3

Female and Male Primary Action of GnRH

Answer 3

Release of FSH and LH from anterior lobe-pituitary

Question 4

Source of LH

Answer 4

Anterior lobe (pituitary) gonadotroph cells

Question 5

Male Primary Action of LH

Answer 5

Stimulates testosterone production

Question 6

Female Primary Action of LH

Answer 6

Stimulates ovulation, formation of CL and progesterone secretion

Question 7

Source of FSH

Answer 7

Anterior lobe (pituitary) gonadotroph cells

Question 8

Male Primary Action of FSH

Answer 8

Sertoli cell function

Question 9

Female Primary Action of FSH

Answer 9

Follicular development and estradiol synthesis

Question 10

Source of Prolactin

Answer 10

Anterior lobe (pituitary) lactotroph cells

Question 11

Male Primary Action of Prolactin

Answer 11

Can induce maternal behavior

Question 12

Female Primary Action of Prolactin

Answer 12

Lactation, maternal behavior and corpora lutea function

Question 13

Sourced of Oxytocin (OT)

Answer 13

Synthesized in the hypothalamus, stored in the posterior-lobe pituitary, synthesized by corpus luteum

Question 14

Male Primary Action of Oxytocin

Answer 14

PGF2a synthesis and pre-ejaculatory movement of spermatozoa

Question 15

Female Primary Action of Oxytocin

Answer 15

Uterine motility, promotes uterine PGF2a synthesis, milk ejection

Question 16

Source of Estradiol (E2)

Answer 16

Granulosal cells of follicle, placenta, Sertoli cells of testis

Question 17

Male Primary Action of E2

Answer 17

Sexual behavior

Question 18

Female Primary Action of E2

Answer 18

Sexual behavior, GnRH, elevated secretory activity of entire tract, enhanced uterine motility

Question 19

Source of Progesterone

Answer 19

Corpus luteum and placenta

Question 20

Female Primary Action of P4

Answer 20

Endometrial secretion, inhibits GNRH release, inhibits reproductive behavior, promotes maintenance of pregnancy

Question 21

Source of Testosterone

Answer 21

Interstitial cells of Leydig, cells of theca interna in female

Question 22

Male Primary Action of Testosterone

Answer 22

Anabolic growth, promotes spermatogenesis, promotes secretion of accessory sex glands

Question 23

Female Primary Action of Testosterone

Answer 23

Substrate for E2 synthesis, abnormal masculinization (hair patterns, voice, behavior, etc)

Question 24

Source of Inhibin

Answer 24

Granulosa cells (female)

Sertoli cells (male)

Question 25

Male and Female Primary Action of Inhibin

Answer 25

Inhibits FSH secretion

Question 26

Source of Activin

Answer 26

Granulosal cells (female) Sertoli cells (male) Placental cells (female humans)

Question 27

Male and Female Primary Action of Activin

Answer 27

Stimulates FSH secretion

Question 28

Source of Prostaglandin F2a

Answer 28

Uterine endometrium, vesicular glands

Question 29

Male Primary Action of PGF2a

Answer 29

Affects metabolic activity of spermatozoa, causes epididymal contractions

Question 30

Female Primary Action of PGF2a

Answer 30

Luteolysis, promotes uterine tone and contraction, ovulation

Question 31

Source of Prostaglandin E2

Answer 31

Ovary, Uterus, Embryonic membranes

Question 32

Female Primary Action of PGE2

Answer 32

Ovulation, stimulates corpus luteum secretion of progesterone

Question 33

Source of human chorionic gonadotropin (hcG)

Answer 33

Trophoblast of blastocyst (chorion)

Question 34

Male Primary Action of hCG

Answer 34

Increase growth of fetal testis

Question 35

Female Primary Action of hCG

Answer 35

Facilitate production of progesterone by ovary

Question 36

Source of Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG)

Answer 36

Chorionic girdle cells

Question 37

Female Primary Action of of eCG

Answer 37

Causes formation of accessory corpora lutea

Question 38

Source of placental lactogen

Answer 38

Placenta

Question 39

Female Primary Action of Placental lactogen

Answer 39

Mammary stimulation of dam

Question 40

It is from CL, uterus, and placenta; at the end of pregnancy it stimulate opening of cervix, relaxation of pelvic ligaments, and separation of pelvic symphysis (parturition)

Answer 40

Relaxin

Question 41

It is less abundant and less effective than testosterone, made by Leydig cells

Answer 41

Androstenone

Question 42

(I) Follicular Phase, what is the pituitary hormone effect?

Answer 42

LH and FSH stimulate several follicles to grow

Question 43

(II) Ovulation, what is the pituitary hormone effect?

Answer 43

LH and FSH stimulate maturation of one of the growing follicles

Question 44

(III) Luteal Phase, what is the pituitary hormone effect?

Answer 44

LH stimulates growth of a CL from follicular tissue left behind after ovulation

Question 45

In males, what is the pituitary hormone effect?

Answer 45

LH and FSH stimulate spermatogenesis and testosterone secretion by the testes

Question 46

In males, what is the testosterone hormone effect?

Answer 46

Testosterone and inhibin inhibit the secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus and LH and FSH by the pituitary

Question 47

HPG means?

Answer 47

Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis

Question 48

FSH and LH levels are elevated

Answer 48

At birth

Question 49

E2 and T4 activate HPG axis that will result to physiological changes

Answer 49

At puberty