Gandhi and MLK Flashcards
(20 cards)
When and where was Gandhi born, and what profession started his journey?
Born 2 Oct 1869, Porbandar, India; trained as a lawyer and began activism in South Africa.
What two core principles guided Gandhi’s political action?
Satyagraha (truth‑force nonviolent resistance) and Ahimsa (non‑harm).
Which 1920–22 campaign urged Indians to boycott British goods, schools, and titles?
Non‑Cooperation Movement.
What 1930 march protested the British salt tax and became a landmark of civil disobedience?
Salt March (Dandi March).
Name the 1942 movement that demanded immediate British withdrawal from India.
Quit India Movement.
What was Gandhi’s economic vision for villages called?
Gram Swaraj – self‑sufficient village republics using khadi (homespun cloth).
When did India gain independence and what tragedy accompanied it?
15 Aug 1947; Partition into India and Pakistan with communal violence.
How did Gandhi influence global leaders?
His nonviolence inspired Martin Luther King Jr., Nelson Mandela, and other civil‑rights activists worldwide.
What title meaning ‘Great Soul’ did Gandhi receive, and how did he die?
Called ‘Mahatma’; assassinated 30 Jan 1948 by a Hindu nationalist.
List one common tactic Gandhi used in his protests.
Boycotts, peaceful marches, fasting, making and wearing khadi.
Where and when was Martin Luther King Jr. born, and what was his occupation?
Born 15 Jan 1929, Atlanta, Georgia; Baptist minister and civil‑rights leader.
Which global and religious ideas shaped King’s method?
Gandhi’s nonviolent resistance and Christian concept of agape (love).
What 1955–56 protest against segregated buses launched King’s national leadership?
Montgomery Bus Boycott.
What organization did King help form in 1957 to coordinate nonviolent activism?
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC).
Which 1963 campaign in Alabama led to ‘Letter from Birmingham Jail’ and televised police brutality?
Birmingham Campaign.
At which 1963 event did King deliver the ‘I Have a Dream’ speech?
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom (28 Aug 1963).
Which two landmark U.S. laws followed King’s mass protests?
Civil Rights Act 1964 and Voting Rights Act 1965.
For what achievement did King receive the Nobel Peace Prize, and at what age?
Leadership of nonviolent civil‑rights movement; awarded in 1964 at age 35.
What 1965 marches spotlighted voter suppression and led to federal action?
Selma to Montgomery marches (Bloody Sunday, 7 Mar 1965).
When and where was Martin Luther King Jr. assassinated, and what is his enduring legacy?
4 Apr 1968, Memphis; symbol of nonviolent struggle for racial equality and human rights.
