Gas Laws

Question 1

In the formula x₁/y₁ = x₂/y₂, what is the type of proportional relationship between x and y?>

Answer 1

Directly proportional relationship

Meaning that as x increases y increases

Question 2

In the formula x₁y₁ = x₂y₂, what is the type of proportional relationship between x and y?

Answer 2

Indirectly proportional relationship

Meaning that as x increases y decreases, and vice versa

Question 3

List the equation for Boyle’s law and state the relationship between the variables

Answer 3

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

V - Volume
P - Pressure

Pressure and volume share an indirectly proportional relationship, so as pressure increases volume is decreasing (as temperature is held constant) and vice versa.

Question 4

List the equation for Charle’s law and state the relationship between the variables

Answer 4

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

T - Temperature
V - Volume

Volume and temperature share a directly proportional relationship (at constant pressure) so as volume increasing, temperature is decreasing.

Question 5

List the equation for Avogadro’s law and state the relationhip between the varriable

Answer 5

V₁/n₁ = V₂/n₂

n - moles
V - Volume

Volume and molar amount share a directly proportional relationship (at constant pressure and temperature) so as the amount of gas (in moles) increases the volume increases.

Question 6

What is the volume (in L) of one mole of an ideal gas? At standard temperature and pressure (STP)

Answer 6

22.4 L

Question 7

What is STP?

Answer 7

Standard temperature and pressure, 1 atm and 0 C (273 k)

Question 8

What is absolute zero?

(Hint: temperature)

Answer 8

0 k, the temperature at which molecules and atoms lose all of their kinetic energy (they are frozen still, not moving). Remember, that any temperature above absolute zero, even the atoms of a solid are vibrating and moving. The atoms of a solid will lose this motion at absolute zero.

Absolute zero is only a theoretical postulate, proposed by Einstein and Boise. As of now, absolute zero is not attainable under laboratory or any naturally ocurring conditions.

Question 9

What is the combined gas law?

Answer 9

(P₁V₁/T₁)/(P₂V₂/T₂)

Question 10

What is the ideal gas law?

Answer 10

PV = nRT
P - Pressure
V - Volume
n - Number of moles
R - Gas constant
T - temperature

Question 11

What are the units for R?

Answer 11

atm·L/mol·k

Question 12

What is the numerical value for R?

Answer 12

0.0821 atm·L/mol·k