gas laws2 Flashcards
(40 cards)
kinetic molecular theory of gases assumes that
the molecules are very small relative to the distance between molecules. the molecules are in constant, random motion and frequently collide with each other and with the walls of any container
the density of a gas is
the sum of the mass of the molecules divided by the volume which the gas occupies
the pressure of a gas is
a measure of the linear momentum of the molecules.
force divided by area is
pressure
temperature is a measure of
mean kinetic energy of the gas
the higher the temp, the ___ the motion
greater
kinetic energy + potential energy =
internal energy
temp is ___ proportional to average KE
directly
the ___ is the same for gases at the same temp
average KE
grahams law of effusion
the rate of effusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the molecular mass
effusion and ___ are substantially the same process
diffusion
effusion is
the movement of a gas through a small opening
the rate of effusion depends on ___ of molecules
speed
ficks law
rate of diffusion of gas across a permeable membrane is determined by the chemical nature of the membrane itself, the surface area of the membrane, the partial pressure gradient of the gas across the membrane.. the thickness of the membrane
diffusion rate of gas is directly proportional to
partial pressure gradient, membrane area, solubility of gas in membrane
diffusion rate is inversely proportional to
membrane thickness, the square root of the molecular weight
ficks law
diffusion limited gas exchange
what is diffusion limited gas exchange
the rate at which gas is transported away from functioning alveoli and into tissues is principally limited by the diffusion rate of the gas across the alveolar membrane
the partial pressure of nitrous oxide equilibrates ____
rapidly
enhancing the diffusion rate of the gas across the alveolar membrane has what effect on the blood transport rate of nitrous away from the lungs?
none - there is a limiting factor- perfusion limitation. simply the rate of blood flow thru the pulmonary capillaries
4 things ficks law is applied to
concentration effect, second gas effect, diffusion hypoxia, why N20 leads increase in volume or increase in pressure in gas spaces in the body
even though CO2 is larger than O2, CO2 diffuses 20x faster across the alveolar and capillary membranes. why?
because its 20x more SOLUBLE
the process by which the fetus receives 02 and drugs is simply
diffusion across a membrane
henrys law
the amt of non reacting gas which dissolves in liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas, provided the temp remains constant
