gaseous exchange in mammals Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is the order of structures when gas enters the lungs?
The trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
What is the role of the trachea?
Prevents the lungs collapsing with the pressure changes of ventilation
Which part of the alveoli gives it a large surface area?
They shape and large number
What is the purpose of the fluid lining the alveoli?
Allows gases to dissolve and diffuse across
What is the purpose of having two cells between the blood and air?
Provides a short diffusion pathway
What is the name of the cells on the alveolus wall?
Epithelial cells
What is the name of the cells on the capillary wall?
Endothelial cells
What provides a large surface area for gas exchange alongside the alveoli?
High capillary network
What does the circulatory system maintain?
A concentration gradient for gaseous exchange
How does the circulatory system maintain this?
It transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs and removes oxygenated blood from the lungs
What does a ventilation mechanism maintain?
A high concentration gradient
How does a ventilation mechanism do this?
Provides air with a high oxygen concentration and removes air with a high CO2 concentration
What does oxygen bind with in the blood?
Haemoglobin
What does this form?
Oxyhaemoglobin
