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Pharmacology 💊 > Gastric acid drugs > Flashcards

Gastric acid drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what is the mechanism of action of Misoprostil?

A

inhibits gastric secretion and inhibits mucosal damage done by gastric acid, aspirin and NSAID’s

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1
Q

What drug class is Misoprostil in?

A

Prostaglandin

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2
Q

What is the black box warning with Misoprostol?

A

NOT GIVEN TO PREGNANT WOMEN, CAUSES ABORTION, STILL BIRTH, OR BIRTH DEFECTS

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3
Q

What are the adverse effects of misoprosol?

A

DIARRHEA
vaginal bleeding and uterine cramping abdominal cramping, N/V/D, headache

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4
Q

What drug class does Sulcrafate fall in?

A

Mucosal protectant

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5
Q

What is the use of Sucralfate?

A

prevents and treat peptic ulcer disease

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6
Q

What is the issue with Sulcrafate pill?

A

Its a gigantic horse pill, at risk for dysphagia

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7
Q

what is the adverse effects of sulcrafate?

A

low severity due to not being absorbed systemically
Constipation and dry mouth may occur

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8
Q

When do we take Sulcrafate?

A

sulcrafATE
2hrs before you ATE, and taken LATE (bedtime)

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9
Q

DO not take Sulcrafate with what other medications?

A

Antacids

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10
Q

What do H2 receptors end in?

A

“-idine”
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Fanitidine (Pepcid)
Zanotidine (Tagamet)

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11
Q

Why do we not give Zanotidine?

A

to elderly due to strong effects

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12
Q

What is the mechanism of Action of h2 receptors?

A

block h2 receptors ins stomach, decrease acidity, amount, and pepsin content

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13
Q

what is the use of h2 receptor?

A

GERD, ulcers, Zollinger Ellison syndrome, and esophagitis

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14
Q

What are the adverse effects of h2 Receptors

A

GYNOMASTIA: breast growth in men
Diarrhea, confusion, dizziness, headache and drowsiness

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15
Q

Who is more likely to feel confusion when taking h2 receptors?

A

elderly and patients with renal impairment, increase of serum level and decrease of CrCl clearance

16
Q

Does h2 receptors have long lasting or short acting effects?

A

long lasting

17
Q

when do we take h2 receptors?

A

30 min before eating and before bed

18
Q

What are we teaching our patients when taking h2 receptors?

A

NO overeating
NO smoking
NO saids (cause GI bleed)
NO stress

19
Q

what are some drug to drug interactions with H2 receptors?

A

heart medication (beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, antidysrthmias, warfarin), bronchodilators, anticonvulsants, tricyclics, and sulfonylurea anti diabetics

20
Q

what other drug do we not take with h2 receptors and why?

A

not taken with antacids due to decreasing absorption of h2 receptors

21
Q

Proton Pump inhibitors end with what?

A

prazoles

22
Q

what are the 3 P’s of PPI’s

A

Possible Gi infections (due to HCL suppression in stomach)
Porous bones (regular bone density tests, most likely in wrists, hips and spine)
Prevents holes (stress ulcer prophylaxis)

23
Q

who usually receives PPI’s

A

usually on medsurg patients are on PPI’s to prevent stress induced ulcers

24
Q

what are the adverse effects of PPI’s

A

N/V and headache, osteoporosis, and fractures

25
Q

what other medications do we ask our patients to take when taking PPI’s?

A

Calcium and vit d due to bone density

26
Q

when do we take PPI’s

A

30 min before meals

27
Q

drug to drug interactions of PPI’s

A

benzodiazepines, phenytoin, and warfarin

28
Q

when do we prescribe PPI’s?

A

treatment of peptic ulcers, heart burn, GERD, and therapy with 2 other antimicrobials to treat helicobacter pylori

29
Q

Are PPI’s long or short lasting/acting?

A

ACTS STRONGER AND LONGERRR

30
Q

What is the mechanism of action of PPI’s?

A

prevent pumping of gastric acid from parietal cells into stomach, blocking last step of acid production

31
Q

what are the drugs in the ANATACID category?

A

Sodium hydroxide (seltzer)
Calcium bicarbonate (tums/rollaids)
Aluminum hydroxide —–> MYLANTA
Magnesium hydroxide (Milk a Mag)

32
Q

what is the mechanism of action of mylanta

A

neutralizes acid, increases ph of gastric secretions

33
Q

what is the use of Mylanta

A

gerd, ulcers, heart burn, esophagitis, GI bleed with stress ulcers

34
Q

what are the adverse effects of Mylanta?

A

Osteomalacia, hyphosphatemia
Constipation due to aluminum and diarrhea due to magensium

35
Q

why do we prescribe a Magnesium and Aluminum/calcium drug together?

A

they cross out the side effects

36
Q

Anti Acids = anti ______ with?

A

Anti mixing with other drugs

37
Q

Magnesium can cause what Side effect?

A

neuromuscular disease in elderly

38
Q

Contraindications with antacids?

A

appendicitis and inflamed bowel

Pharmacology 💊 (8 decks)

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