Gastro Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is GI?
Glycaemix index- measure of how quickly they raise blood glucose levels after eating
Why is low GI important?
Helps in diabetes management
May reduce risk of cardiovascular disease
Increase satiety aiding in weight control
What is the issue with high GI foods
Cause quick spike in blood sugar
Can lead to insulin resistance over time if eaten in excess
Porridge oats, lentils, beans, sweet potato’s, whole grain pasta and most non starchy veg are examples of what
Low GI foods
What should be tested before diagnosing IBS?
Coeliac disease.
What is the test of choice for coeliac disease?
tTG IgA antibody test while consuming more than one gluten-containing meal per day for 6 weeks.
What should be done for patients with positive tTG/EMA?
Refer to gastroenterology for endoscopy and duodenal biopsy.
What is the treatment for coeliac disease?
A lifelong gluten-free diet.
What should be offered during the annual review for coeliac disease?
Assessment of coeliac serology, adherence to gluten-free diet, symptoms, height and weight.
What additional assessments should be considered during the annual review?
Osteoporosis risk, additional bloods (FBC, folate, ferritin, B12), and need for referral where indicated.
What are RF for coeliac disease
FH
GI infections in early life
Antibiotic/PPI use
IU exposure to maternal iron supplements
Boys born in spring
If not willing to consume gluten for testing then what could be used
HLA genes (40% of Europe carry these genes but 100% of coeliac do)
How is the number of alcohol units calculated?
Alcohol units = volume (mls) x ABV%/1000
Which assessment tool is the most accurate for alcohol use?
AUDIT is the most accurate
What are the shorter alternatives to AUDIT?
FAST and AUDIT-C
What should a positive result on screening trigger?
A positive result should trigger doing the full AUDIT
What is the structure used for brief advice in alcohol dependency
FRAMES structure for brief advice
Which medications are used to ease cravings for alcohol?
Acamprostate and naltrexone
What does disulfiram do when alcohol is consumed?
Causes symptoms when drinking alcohol
What is the recommended limit of alcohol units per week?
14 units per week spread over 3 or more days
What are the components of fetal alcohol syndrome?
- Facial abnormalities
- Learning disabilities
- Low nasal bridge
- Epicanthic folds
- Small chin
What is the commonest wine glass size in milliliters?
175mls
