Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

anatomy > gastroenterology > Flashcards

gastroenterology Flashcards

1
Q

decreased appetite because of disease or the gastrointestinal side effect of a drug.

A

anorexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

psychiatric disorder in which a person has an extreme fear of being fat and feels an obsessive desire to be thinner.

A

anorexia nervosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

painful eating or difficulty swallowing. Can be caused by infection in the mouth, dentures, radiation therapy, tumor, stroke, etc.

A

dysphagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

excessive overeating due to an overactive thyroid gland, diabetes mellitus, or a psychiatric illness.

A

polyphagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

inflammation of the mucosa in the oral cavity. can be caused by poorly fitting dentures or by an infection.

A

stomatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mild, temporary epigastric (pain above stomach), sometimes with gas or nausea. Also known as indigestion

A

dyspepsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

acute or chronic infection or inflammation of the stomach due to a bacterial infection, spicy foods, alcohol, or excess acid production.

A

gastritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

acute infection or inflammation of the stomach and intestines. there is abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea. Caused by virus or bacteria.

A

gastroenteritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

chronic inflammation and irritation due to reflux of stomach acid back into the esophagus because the lower esophageal sphincter does not close tightly.

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

temporary, mild inflammation of the esophagus due to reflux of stomach acid back into the esophagus. Also known as pyrosis.

A

Heartburn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

vomiting of blood caused by bleeding in the stomach and esophagus. This can be caused by an ulcer in the esophagus or gastric. “Coffee grounds” emesis contains old, dark blood that has been partially digested by the stomach.

A

Hematemesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

an unpleasant, queasy feeling in the stomach. It is caused by infection or inflammation of the stomach or by motion sickness that affects the inner ear. Also the expelling of chyme from the stomach to the mouth.

A

Nausea and Vomiting (NV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

chronic irritation, burning pain, and erosion of the mucosa with the formation of an ulcer. Esophageal, gastric and in the duodenum. If gastric, commonly caused by a bacteria, linked to stomach cancer. These can also be caused by too much hydrochloric acid, stress, and drugs.

A

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Telescoping of one segment of intestine inside the lumen of the next segment. Cause is unknown. Can cause vomiting and abdominal pain.

A

Intussusception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Infection and inflammation of the appendix as waste materials become trapped in the lumen of the appendix.

A

Appendicitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Weakness in the wall of the colon where the mucosa forms an abnormal pouch or tube sharped sax that opens into the lumen of the colon. Can be caused by by eating a low fiber diet that forms small, compact feces. Then straining to poop causes holes in the walls, where poop can be caught.

A

Diverticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Watery diarrhea that comes from e. coli bacteria

A

dysentery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Autoimmune disorder and toxic reaction to the gluten found in certain grains. Small intestine is damaged by the inflammatory response. Also known as Celiac’s disease

A

Gluten sensitivity enteropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Chronic inflammation of certain parts of the small and large intestines.

A

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Disorder of the function of the colon. Causes cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, etc.

A

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Condition of polyps, small fleshy, benign or pre-cancerous growths in the mucosa of the colon.

A

Polyposis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Swollen, protruding veins in the rectum, or on the skin around the anus.

A

Hemorrhoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The wall of the rectum protrudes into the adjacent vaginal wall, causing it to collapse inwardly and block the vaginal canal in a female. A type of hernia.

A

Rectocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Failure to have regular, soft bowel movements, due to decreased peristalsis, no fiber, no water, etc.

A

constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

abnormally frequent, loose, and sometimes watery feces. Caused by infection, IBS, lactose intolerance, drugs etc.

A

diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Presence of excessive amounts of gas in the stomach or intestines.

A

Flatulence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

blood in the feces. caused by ulcer, cancer, crohn disease, polp, diverticulum, hemorrhoid.

A

Hematochezia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

dark, tar like feces that contains digested blood from bleeding in the esophagus or stomach.

A

Melena

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

greasy, frothy, foul-smelling feces that contain undigested fats. Not enough of the enzyme lipase, which digests fats.

A

steatorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Common in babies, causing crampy abdominal pain after feeding. Can be due to overfeeding, feeding too quickly, inadequate burping, or allergy to milk.

A

Colic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

an inability to voluntarily control the anal sphincter and the passage of feces. Due to paralysis, or dementia

A

incontinence

32
Q

organs that are tied together when they are not supposed to be.

A

adhesions

33
Q

Defect and weakness in the muscle of the diaphragm or the abdominal wall. Allows intestine and peritoneum around it to bulge through, causing swelling and pain.

A

Hernia

34
Q

Type of hernia that occurs when the stomach bulges into the opening where the esophagus passes through the diaphragm.

A

hiatal hernia

35
Q

type of hernia that occurs at the umbilicus. (belly button)

A

umbilical hernia

36
Q

Hernia in the groin

A

inguinal hernia

37
Q

infection and inflammation of the peritoneum. occurs when ulcer, diverticulum, or cancerous tumor breaks through the wall of the stomach or intestine or when an infected appendix ruptures.

A

peritonitis

38
Q

accumulation of ascitic fluid in the abdominopelvic cavity. liver disease causes a backup of blood and increased blood pressure in the veins of the abdomen. The pressure pushes fluid out of the blood to accumulate in the abdomen.

A

Ascites

39
Q

chronic, progressive inflammation and finally irreversible degeneration of the liver, with enlargement, nodules, and scarring. Impaired liver function. Caused by alcoholism. End stage of liver failure

A

Cirrhosis

40
Q

infection and inflammation of the liver from the hepatitis virus.

A

hepatitis

41
Q

Type of hepatitis that is short lived, like the flu, most people get over it

A

Hepatitis A

42
Q

type of hepatitis that makes acute infection, most people recover completely, can continue as a chronic infection for months.

A

hepatitis B

43
Q

type of hepatitis that continues as a chronic infection. Main cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer.

A

hepatitis C

44
Q

enlargement of the liver due to cirrhosis, hepatitis, or cancer

A

hepatomegaly

45
Q

yellowish discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes.

A

jaundice

46
Q

occurs when a gallstone blocks the cystic duct of the gallbladder. When the gallbladder contracts, the duct spasms, causing sever pain.

A

cholecystitis

47
Q

The presence of gallstones in the gallbladder.

A

Cholelithiasis

48
Q

infection or inflammation of the pancreas.

A

pancreatitis

49
Q

fecal test in which a sample of the patients feces is swabbed onto a culture dish that contains a nutrient medium for growing bacteria.

A

culture and sensitivity test (C and S)

50
Q

fecal test for occult (hidden) blood in the feces. The feces are tested with chemical reagent guaiac. If present, will turn blue.

A

fecal occult blood test

51
Q

fecal test to determine if there is parasitic infection in the gastrointestinal system.

A

ova and parasites (O and P)

52
Q

radiologic procedure that uses a liquid contrast medium inserted into the rectum. Barium outlines and coats the walls of the colon and rectum, then xray image is taken.

A

barium enema (BE)

53
Q

radiologic procedure that uses an iodinated contrast dye to outline the bile ducts. Then x ray is taken to show gallstones in the gallbladder and bile ducts or thickening of the gallbladder wall.

A

cholangiography

54
Q

radiologic procedure that uses x rays to create images of abdominal organs and structures in many thin, successive slices.

A

computerized axial tomography (CAT, CT scan)

55
Q

radiologic procedure that uses an xray without contrast dye.

A

flat plate of the abdomen

56
Q

radiologic procedure that uses ultra high-frequency sound waves to create images of the gallbladder.

A

gallbladder ultrasound

57
Q

radiologic procedure that uses a liquid contrast medium that is swallowed.

A

upper gastrointestinal series (UGI)

58
Q

procedure to insert a long, flexible __ through the nose into the stomach. used to drain secretions from the stomach, take a sample of gastric acid, or give feedings or drugs to patient.

A

insertion of nasogastric tube (NG)

59
Q

treats diarrhea by slowing down peristalsis, which increases water absorption from feces.

A

antidiarrheal drug

60
Q

treats nausea and vomiting and motion sickness

A

antiemetic drug

61
Q

procedure to remove the appendix because of appendicitis

A

appendectomy

62
Q

procedure to remove a small piece of tissue from an ulcer, polyp, mass, or tumor.

A

biopsy

63
Q

procedure to remove a section of diseased intestine and rejoin the intestine.

A

bowel resection and anastomosis

64
Q

procedure to remove the gallbladder.

A

cholecystectomy

65
Q

Procedure to remove the diseased part of the colon and create a new opening in the abdominal wall where feces can leave the body.

A

colostomy

66
Q

procedure than uses a flexible, scope with light and magnifying glass to internally examine the gastrointestinal system.

A

endoscopy

67
Q

visualization and examination of the esophagus

A

esophagoscopy

68
Q

visualization and examination of the stomach

A

gastroscopy

69
Q

visualization and examination of the rectum and sigmoid colon using a sigmoidoscope

A

sigmoidoscopy

70
Q

visualization and examination of the entire colon

A

colonoscopy

71
Q

procedure that uses a long abdominal incision to open the abdominopelvic cavity widely so that it can be explored for evidence of trauma or disease of any of the gastrointestinal organs.

A

exploratory laparotomy

72
Q

procedure to remove all or part of the stomach because of a cancerous or benign tumor.

A

gastrectomy

73
Q

procedure to create a temporary or permanent opening from the abdominal wall into the stomach to insert a gastrostomy feeding tube.

A

gastrostomy

74
Q

procedure to remove hemorrhoids from the rectum or from around the anus.

A

hemorrhoidectomy

75
Q

procedure to create a temporary or permanent opening from the abdominal wall into the jejunum to insert a jejunostomy feeding tube.

A

jejunostomy

76
Q

procedure to remove a severely damaged liver from a patient with end stage liver disease and insert a new liver from a donor.

A

liver transplantation

anatomy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions