med term final Flashcards
(402 cards)
1
Q
what are the five language skills that every language of communication consists of
A
reading, listening, thinking (analyzing), writing and spelling, speaking and pronouncing
2
Q
the study of word origins
A
Etymology
3
Q
where do many words from medical language come from
A
Greek and latin
4
Q
when a latin singular noun ends in -a, form the plural by
A
changing a to ae
5
Q
when a latin singular noun ends in -us, form the plural by
A
changing us to i
6
Q
When a Latin singular noun end in -um, form the plural by changing
A
um to a
7
Q
When a Latin singular noun end in -is, form the plural by changing
A
is to es
8
Q
When a Latin singular noun end in -ex, form the plural by changing
A
ex to ices
9
Q
When a Latin singular noun end in -ix, form the plural by changing
A
ix to ices
10
Q
When a Greek singular noun ends in –is, form the plural by changing
A
is to ides
11
Q
When a Greek singular noun ends in –nx, form the plural by changing
A
nx to nges
12
Q
When a Greek singular noun ends in –oma, form the plural by changing
A
oma to omata
13
Q
When a Greek singular noun ends in –on, form the plural by changing
A
on to a
14
Q
what are the three types of word parts
A
combining form, suffix, prefix
15
Q
a word part that is the foundation of a word
A
combining form
16
Q
at the end of a word
A
suffix
17
Q
at the beginning of a word
A
prefix
18
Q
the palms of the hands are facing up and the body it standing straight up and down.
A
anatomical position
19
Q
an imaginary flat surface that divides the body into two parts.
A
plane
20
Q
What are the three main body planes
A
the coronal/frontal plane, and the sagittal plane, transverse plane
21
Q
a vertical plane that divides the body into front and back sections.
A
coronal/frontal plane
22
Q
what is the front called
A
anterior or vertical section
23
Q
what is the back called
A
posterior or dorsal section
24
Q
direction involves moving from outside the body through the anterior section then through the posterior section.
A
anteroposterior
25
direction involves moving from outside the body through the posterior section and then through the anterior section.
posteroanterior
26
the vertical plane the divides the body into right and left sections
the sagittal plane
27
Moving from either side of the body toward the midline is moving a
medical direction or medially
28
Moving from the midline toward either side of the body is moving a
lateral direction or laterally
29
a horizontal plane that divides the body into top and bottom sections.
transverse plane
30
the upper half is called the
superior section
31
the lower half is called the
inferior section
32
Moving toward the head is called moving in a
superior direction or superiorly or moving in a cephalad direction.
33
Moving toward the tail bone is moving in an
inferior direction or inferiorly or moving in a caudad direction.
34
Moving from trunk of the body toward the end of a limb is moving in a
distal direction or distally.
35
Moving from the end of a limb toward the trunk of the body is moving in a
proximal direction or proximally.
36
Structures on the surface of the body are
superficial or external structures.
37
Structures below the surface and inside the body are
deep or internal structures
38
a hollow space
cavity
39
is within the bony cranium. Contains the brain, cranial nerves, and other structures.
cranial cavity
40
a continuation of the cranial cavity as it travels down the midline of the spine. It contains the spinal cord, spinal nerves, and other structures.
spinal cavity or spinal canal
41
Thoracic cavity is within the chest and surrounded by the breast bone, ribs, and the bones of the spinal cord. Contains
trachea, esophagus, heart, and other structures.
42
within abdomen, surrounded by abdomic muscles and bones spinal column.
Abdominal cavity-
43
continuation of the abdominal cavity, surrounded by pelvic bones and spinal column.
pelvis cavity
44
the combination of the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity.
Abdominopelvic cavity
45
in the abdominopelvic cavity are known as viscera. These organs include; gastrointestinal, reproductive, and urinary systems.
Internal organs
46
what are the LUQ, RUQ, RLQ, and LLQ
the four quadrants
47
the study of the structures of the human body.
anatomy
48
the study of the function of the structures.
Microscopic to macroscopic
physiology
49
the smallest independently functioning structure in the body that can reproduce itself by division.
the cell
50
can only be seen with a microscope
microscope
51
Cells combine to form tissue and tissue combines to form
organs
52
can be seen by the naked eye
macroscopic
53
occurs when there is difficult or painful eating and swallowing
dysphagia
54
the decreased appetite due to disease or side effect of a drug
anorexia
55
excessive overeating
polyphagia
56
inflammation of the oral mucosa due to poorly fitted dentures or infection
stomatitis
57
inflammation of only the tongue
glossitis
58
mild and temporary epigastric pain with common side effects of gas and nausea
dyspepsia
59
veins that protrude in the mucosa of lower esophagus
esophageal varices
60
acute or chronic inflammation of stomach, can be bacteria or virus
gastritis
61
acute inflammation or infection of stomach and intestines, can be bacterial or viral, causes abd. pain, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea
gastroenteritis
62
inflammation and irritation due to reflux of stomach acid into esophagus
gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd)
63
temporary inflammation of esophagus because of acid reflux. aka pyrosis
heartburn
64
vomiting of blood, caused by bleeding in stomach or esophagus
hematemesis
65
the urge to vomit
nausea
66
expelled food or chime
vomit
67
reflux small amounts of food into mouth
regurgitation
68
chronic irritation, pain, erosion of mucosa, forms ulcer.
peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
69
telescoping of a segment of intestine into lumen of next
intussusception
70
inflammation and infection of appendix
appendicitis
71
common in babies, abd. pain after eating
colic
72
wall of colon becomes weak, forms pouch or tube in mucosa.
diverticulum
73
feces become trapped in pouch causing infection, pain, and fever
diverticulum
74
bacterial infection caused by e. coli. watery diarrhea mixed with blood and mucus
dysentery
75
auto immune, toxic reaction because of gluten
gluten sensitivity enteropathy
76
inflammation of parts of small and large intestines.
inflammatory bowel disease
77
inflammation of the ileum and colon
crohns disease
78
inflammation with colon and rectum, causes ulcers
ulcerative colitis
79
disorder of colon functions. no signs of inflammation. intestine is spasming
irritable bowel syndrome
80
benign or precancerous growth in mucosa of colon. may become cancerous
polyp
81
veins protrude around on or around anus
hemorrhoids
82
wall of rectum pushes on vaginal wall, collapses inward and blocks vaginal canal
rectocele
83
failure to have regular bowel movements
constipation
84
loose watery and frequent feces
diarrhea
85
excessive amounts of fat in stomach and intestines
flatulence
86
blood in feces, due to ulcer, cancer, crohns disease, polyp, hemorrhoid
hematochezia
87
can't control bowel movements
incontinence
88
greasy, foul smelling feces. contains undigested fats
steatorrhea
89
fibrous bands that form after surgery, intestines bind to other organs.
adhesions
90
weakness in muscle of abd. wall. Swelling and pain.
hernia
91
hernia at umbilicus
umbilical hernia
92
hernia in the groin
inguinal hernia
93
inflammation and infection of peritoneum. Tumor or ulcer eats through wall of stomach and intestines.
peritonitis
94
accumulation of fluid in abdominopelvic cavity
ascites
95
progressive inflammation and irreversible damage to liver. Enlarged and impaired.
cirrhosis
96
inflammation and infection of liver due to hepatitis virus
hepatitis
97
enlargement of the liver
hepatomegaly
98
yellow color of the skin and whites of the eyes. Increase levels of bilirubin.
jaundice
99
acute or chronic inflammation of the bile ducts
cholangitis
100
inflammation of the gallbladder
cholecysitis
101
gall stones in the gallbladder
cholelithiasis
102
inflammation or infection of pancreas
pancreatitis
103
Test that uses a culture to determine which bacterium is causing an intestinal infection and a sensitivity test to determine which antibiotic drugs it is sensitive to.
culture and sensitivity (c and s)
104
Test for hidden blood in the feces. The feces are mixed with the chemical reagent guaiac. This is also known as stool guaiac test. If blood is present, the guaiac will turn a blue color.
fecal occult blood test
105
Test to determine if there is a parasitic infection in the gastrointestinal tract
ova and parasites (o and p)
106
Barium is inserted through the rectum. Outlines the walls of the colon and takes an x-ray.
barium enema (BE)
107
Procedure that used a contrast dye to outline the bile ducts. An x-ray is taken to show any gallstones
cholangiography
108
High frequency sounds waves create images of gallbladder.
gallbladder ultrasound
109
barium is swallowed. outlines esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
upper gastrointestinal series (UGI)
110
Nasogastric tub is inserted through nostrils, drains secretions from stomach and may feed patients.
insertion of nasogastric tube
111
removal of appendix
appendectomy
112
Procedure to remove a small piece of tissue from an ulcer, polyp, mass, or tumor.
biopsy
113
remove the gallbladder
cholecystectomy
114
Procedure to remove the disease part of the colon and create a new opening in the abdominal wall where feces can leave the body.
colostomy
115
endoscope is used to examine the gastrointestinal tract.
endoscopy
116
removal of all or parts of stomach
gastrectomy
117
treats obesity. Staples make a small stomach pouch.
gastroplasty
118
opening is made into the abd. wall to insert a feeding tube.
gastrostomy
119
removal of hemorrhoids
hemorrhoidectomy
120
opening in abd. wall into jejunum to insert feeding tube.
jejunostomy
121
removal of severely damaged liver.
liver transplantation
122
treats heartburn
antacid drugs
123
treats gastrointestinal infections
antibiotic
124
treats diarrhea
antidiarrheal
125
treats nausea and vomiting
antiemetic drug
126
treat constipation
laxative drugs
127
common cold, bacterial or viral infection
upper respiratory infection (URI)
128
hyperactivity of the bronchioles, inflammation
asthma
129
acute or chronic inflammation or infection of bronchi
bronchitis
130
friction rub, rales, rhonchi, stridor or wheezes
abnormal breath sounds
131
severe infection, extensive burn, or injury in the lungs
adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
132
incomplete expansion or collapse of part of a lung due to mucus, tumor, trauma, or foreign body blocking the bronchus
atelectasis
133
combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema caused by chronic exposure to pollution or smoking
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
134
hereditary, eventually fatal disease caused by a recessive gene
cystic fibrosis (CF)
135
known as the flu
influenza
136
constant exposure to inhaled particles causing pulmonary fibrosis and aveoli to lose their elasticity
occupational lung diseases
137
infection of some or all of the lobes of the lungs
pneumonia
138
caused by foreign matter thats inhaled into lungs
aspiration pneumonia
139
caused by bacteria
bacterial pneumonia
140
affects bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli
bronchopneumonia
141
involves both lungs
double pneumonia
142
affects part of or all of just one lobe of the lung
lobar pneumonia
143
acute, caused by bacterium
pneumococcal pneumonia
144
caused by virus(let it run its course)
viral pneumonia
145
mild form, caused by bacterium
walking pneumonia
146
fluid collects in alveoli, resulting in back up of blood
pulmonary edema
147
blockage of a pulmonary artery or one of its branches
pulmonary embolism
148
lung infection caused by bacterium, spread by airborne droplets or coughing
tuberculosis (TB)
149
blood stuck in thoracic cavity usually from trauma
hemothorax
150
inflammation or infection of the pleura due to pneumonia, trauma or tumor
pleurisy
151
large volume of air in the pleural space
pneumothorax
152
Brief or prolonged absence of spontaneous respirations due to respiratory failure or arrest
apnea
153
abnormal slow rate of breathing
bradypnea
154
painful respirations due to lung disease
dyspnea
155
need to be propped in upright position to breathe
orthopnea
156
abnormally rapid rate of breathing
tachypnea
157
Complete lack of O2 in arterial blood or body tissues
anoxia
158
abnormally high level of CO2 and abnormally low level of O2
asphyxia
159
low level of O2 and high levels of CO2 in blood and tissues
cyanosis
160
very low level of O2 in the arterial blood
hypoxemia
161
blood test to measure the pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
arterial blood gases (ABG)
162
blood test to measure carbon monoxide in the blood
carboxyhemoglobin
163
procedure when a small clip device is put on the tip of the index finger or earlobe to measure oxygen saturation in the blood
oximetry
164
measures capacity of the lungs and volume when inhaling and exhaling
pulmonary function test (PFT)
165
test to see what bacteria is growing and how to kill it
Sputum Culture and Sensitivity (C&S)
166
test to see if a patient has been exposed to tuberculosis.
tuberculosis test
167
uses a 4-pronged device to puncture skin and introduce PPD
tine test
168
intradermal injection of PPD
mantoux test
169
uses x-ray to create image of the lungs (Chest x-ray)
chest radiography
170
procedure to scan a narrow slice of tissue and create an image
CT scan and MRI scan
171
nuclear medicine procedure that uses radioactive gas to show the air flow
lung scan
172
uses a stethoscope to listen and percussion uses one finger over the hand to tap and is spread across the patients back lobe of the lung
Auscultation and percussion
173
procedure to ventilate lungs and circulate the blood if a patients has stopped breathing and the heart has stopped beating
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
174
lighted laryngoscope is used to see vocal cords and a tube is inserted from the outside of the mouth and into the trachea to establish an airway for patient to be on a ventilator
Endotracheal intubation
175
used to assist a choking victim with an airway obstruction
heimlich remover
176
medical device to encourage patients to breathe deeply, a spirometer is a plastic device with a mouth piece that measure the amount of air the patient took in
incentive spirometer
177
oxygen is delivered to the patient through a nasal cannula of face mask, a patient who needs respiratory assistance and oxygen is placed on a ventilator, and an ambu bag is a hand held device used to manually breathe for the patient but only on a temporary basis
oxygen therapy
178
temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure are all taken
vital signs
179
procedure when a lighted bronchoscope is inserted through the mouth and larynx to examine the trachea and bronchi
bronchoscopy
180
procedure when a plastic tube is inserted between the ribs and into the thoracic cavity to remove air or blood
chest tube insertion
181
procedure to remove all or part of the lung
lung resection
182
procedure that uses needle and a vacuum container to remove pleural fluid from the pleura space
thoracentesis
183
incision into the thoracic cavity
thoracotomy
184
procedure that starts with an incision into the trachea to create an opening, a tube is inserted to keep it open
tracheostomy
185
treats respiratory infections caused by bacteria
antibiotic drugs
186
suppress the cough center in the brain
antitussive drugs
187
ABG
arterial blood gases
188
A and P
auscultation and percussion
189
BS
breath sounds
190
C and S
culture and sensitivity
191
CF
cystic fibrosis
192
CO
carbon monoxide
193
CO2
carbon dioxide
194
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
195
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
196
CXR
chest x ray
197
ETT
endotracheal tube
198
O2
oxygen
199
PFT
pulmonary function test
200
SIDS
sudden infant death syndrome
201
SOB
shortness of breath
202
TB
tuberculosis
203
TPR
temperature, pulse, respirations
204
URI
upper respiratory infection
205
pain in the chest that is a warning that myocardial infarction might happen
angina pectoris
206
enlargement of the heart
cardiomegaly
207
any disease condition of the heart
cardiomyopathy
208
The death of myocardial cells from severe ischemia, this causes the flow of blood to be blocked. Also known as a heart attack.
myocardial infarction, MI
209
blood pressures lower than 90/60.
hypotension
210
blood pressure higher than 140/90.
hypertension
211
sudden and severe vasoconstriction in fingers and toes, triggered by cold and emotions. Can lead to necrosis.
raynauds disease
212
narrowed, hardened arteries. Starts from a small tear from hypertension. More common with those who have a high fat diet.
arteriosclerosis
213
when a heart beats fast but regular, beats are up to 200 per minute.
tachycardia
214
when a hearts beats slowly.
bradycardia
215
chambers of the heart didn’t have time to completely fill with blood.
flutter
216
area of dilation and weakness in a wall artery, during each heartbeat the wall of the artery bulges forward.
aneurysm
217
autoimmune response to strep throat, when the bodies make the antibodies, they attack the connective tissue.
rheumatic heart disease
218
inflammation or infection of the pericardial sac, with accumulation of pericardial fluid.
pericarditis
219
abnormal heart sound created by the turbulence as blood leaks through a defective heart.
murmur
220
A test that provides comprehensive picture of the levels in the blood of cholesterol and triglycerides and their lipoprotein carriers.
lipid profile
221
Procedure performed to study the anatomy and pressures in the heart.
cardiac catheterization
222
Procedure performed to evaluate the heart’s response to exercise in patients with chest pain, palpitations, or arrhythmias.
cardiac exercise stress test
223
Procedure that records the electrical activity of the heart.
electrocardiography
224
Electrical image generated by the contraction and relaxation of the heart.
EKG
225
Procedure during which the patient’s heart rate and rhythm are continuously monitored as an outpatient for 24 hours.
holter monitor
226
Cardiac stress test performed in patients who cannot exercise vigorously.
pharmacologic stress test
227
Procedure to monitor a patient’s heart rate and rhythm in the hospital.
telemetry
228
Procedure in which radiopaque contrast dye is injected into a blood vessel to fill and outline it.
angiography
229
Procedure that uses transducer to produce ultra high-frequency sound waves that are bounced off the heart to create an image.
echocardiography
230
Nuclear medicine procedure that uses radiopaque tracer technetium-99m.
multiple gated acquisition scan
231
Procedure that uses stethoscope to listen to the heart sounds.
auscultation
232
Procedure to treat an arrhythmia that cannot be controlled with drugs.
cardioversion
233
Procedure in which a sclerosing drug is injected into varicose vein.
sclerotherapy
234
Procedure during physical exam to measure the temp, heart rate, and respirations as well as blood pressure.
vital signs
235
Procedure to remove and aneurysm and repair the defect in the artery wall.
Aneurysmectomy
236
Procedure used during open heart surgery in which the patient’s blood is rerouted through the cannula in the femoral vein to a heart lung machine.
cardiopulmonary bypass
237
Procedure to bypass an occluded coronary artery and restore blood flow to the myocardium.
coronary artery bypass graft
238
Procedure to remove a severely damaged heart from a patient with end stage heart failure and insert a new heart from a donor.
heart transplantation
239
Procedure in which an automated device is implanted to control the heart rate and rhythm in a patient with an arrhythmia.
pacemaker insertion
240
Procedure to reconstruct a coronary artery that is narrowed because of atherosclerosis.
PTCA
241
Procedure that uses a needle to puncture the pericardium and withdraw inflammatory fluid accumulated in pericardial sac.
pericardiocentesis
242
Procedure to destroy ectopic areas in the heart that are emitting electrical impulses and producing arrhythmias.
radiofrequency ablation
243
Procedure to replace a severely damaged or prolapsed heart valve.
valve replacement
244
prevent blood clots
anticoagulant
245
prevents heart attack
aspirin
246
Block sodium from being absorbed from tubule back into blood.
diuretic drugs
247
treat angina pectoris
nitrate drugs
248
Treat blood clots that are blocking blood through an artery.
thrombolytic drugs
249
AED
automatic external defibrillator
250
BP
blood pressure
251
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft
252
CAD
coronary artery disease
253
CCU
coronary care unit
254
CHF
congestive heart failure
255
CPR
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
256
CV
cardiovascular
257
EKG
electrocardiography
258
HTN
hypertension
259
LA
left atrium
260
LV
left ventricle
261
MI
myocardial infarction
262
MVP
Mitral valve prolapse
263
P
pulse
264
PVD
peripheral vascular disease
265
RA
right atrium
266
RV
right ventricle
267
SA
Sinoatrial
268
TPR
Temperature pulse respirations
269
general term involving blood cells
blood dyscrasia
270
loss of a large amount of blood
hemorrhage
271
decreased numbers of all type of blood cells
pancytopenia
272
severe bacterial infection of the tissue that spreads to the blood then entire body
septicemia
273
any abnormal size, shape or color of erythrocytes
abnormal red blood cell morphology
274
decrease in number of erythrocytes
anemia
275
failure the bone marrow to produce erythrocytes due to damage by disease (can be temporary)
aplastic anemia
276
caused by deficiency of iron in the diet or increased loss of iron because of menstruation, hemorrhage, or chronic blood loss
iron deficiency anemia
277
inherited genetic abnormality of amino acids and hemoglobin so the erythrocytes are crest shape
sickle cell anemia
278
general term for irregular shape of erythrocytes
poikilocytosis
279
happens when a pt receives a blood transfusion that they are not compatible with (hemolytic reaction: fever, chills, hypotension, and kidney failure occur)
transfusion reaction
280
sexual transmitted or can be passed through blood your body produces antibodies against your immune system so your body can’t fight of diseases
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
281
when your immune is weak an infection sees this as a perfect time to attack your system
opportunistic infection
282
infectious disease caused by the epstein-barr virus (EBV) results in lymphadenopathy
mononucleosis (mono)
283
general term for disease that affects your blood to clot normally
coagulopathy
284
a thrombus (blood clot) in one of the deep veins in your leg common for pt that are immobile. Could result in a embolus (blood clot that travels to the heart that can cause further damage).
deep venous thrombosis (DVT)
285
inherited disease that causes a lack or deficiency of a specific clotting factor so the pt can bleed out from a little cut
hemophilia
286
lack in the number of thrombocytes due to radiation, chemicals, drugs where your body isn’t making enough
thrombocytopenia
287
immune reaction of donor tissue or donor organ against the pt
graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)
288
enlarged lymph nodes could be caused by an infection
lymphadenopathy
289
swelling of an extremity because of a chain of lymph nodes have been removed so there is fluid build up
lymphedema
290
enlargement of the spleen
splenomegaly
291
tumor of the thymus usually benign
thymoma
292
determine the pt blood type and rH factor
blood type
293
with differential- determines the number and type of characteristics of blood cells
complete blood count (CBC)
294
percentage of RBC
hematocrit (HCT)
295
monitors the effectiveness of anticoagulant drug heparin
partial thromboplastin time (PTT)-
296
monitors the effectiveness of anticoagulant drug Coumadin
prothrombin time (PT)
297
determines the level of different substances in the blood
blood chemistries
298
measures the amount of iron in the blood
ferritin
299
detect infection associated with HIV
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test
300
test for the EB virus that is associated with mono
monospot test
301
measures your immunoglobulins
electrophoresis
302
uses dye to examine lymph vessels
lymphangiography
303
removing red bone marrow
bone marrow aspiration
304
drawing blood
phlebotomy
305
injects vaccine into the body to prevent against diseases
vaccination
306
donor donates blood
blood donation
307
donated blood is received by a pt through an IV
blood transfusion
308
pt receives bone marrow
bone marrow transplantation (BMT)
309
separate red blood cells from the plasma
plasmapheresis
310
immature red blood cells received by a pt
stem cell transplantation-
311
aspirate material from lymph node to examine
lymph node biopsy
312
removal of the lymph nodes
lymph node dissection
313
removal of the spleen
splenectomy
314
removal of the thymus
thymectomy
315
prevent blood from clotting
anticoagulant
316
stimulates the red marrow to make erythrocytes
erythropoietin
317
suppressant immune response (ex: transplant organ)
immunosuppressant drug
318
A
A blood type
319
AB
AB blood type
320
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
321
B
B blood type
322
BMT
bone marrow transplant
323
CBC
complete blood count
324
EBV
epstein-barr virus
325
GVHD
graft-versus-host disease
326
HCT
hematocrit
327
Hgb
hemoglobin
328
H and H
hemoglobin and hematocrit
329
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
330
mono
mononucleosis
331
O
O blood type
332
PT
prothrombin time
333
PTT
partial thromboplastin time
334
RBC
red blood cells
335
WBC
white blood cells
336
Cell Death in epiphysis of a long bone, often from a lack of blood
avascular necrosis
337
Osteoma- benign
bone tumor
338
osteosarcoma
malignant
339
Benign tumor of cartilage.
chondroma
340
bone does not break through skin
closed
341
bone does break though skin
open
342
broken portions remain in correct alignment
nondisplaced
343
broken portions are not in correct alignment
displaced
344
bone is crushed into several pieces
comminuted
345
vertebrae are compressed together
compression
346
bone is only broken on one side
greenstick
347
-very thin fracture line
hairline
348
-bone is broken at an oblique angle
oblique
349
bone is broken in a spiral due to a twisting force
spiral
350
broken perpendicular to its long axis
transverse
351
Softening of bones due to Vitamin D deficiency
osteomalacia
352
Infection in bone and bone marrow
osteomyelitis
353
Thinning of bone structure
osteoporosis
354
posterior curvature of the thoracic spine (humpback/hunchback)
kyphosis
355
anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (swayback)
lordosis
356
C or S shaped later curvature of the spine
scoliosis
357
Pain in joint due to inflammation or infection (symptom)
arthralgia
358
Any disease of joint (general term)
arthropathy
359
Displacement of end of the bone from normal position
dislocation
360
High uric acid level in the blood causing severe pain
gout
361
Arthritis caused by a bacteria from a deer tick bite
lyme disease
362
Chronic inflammatory disease of large weight bearing joints
osteoarthritis
363
Autoimmune inflammatory disease of connective tissues, usually joints
rheumatoid arthritis
364
Overstretching or tearing of a ligament
sprain
365
Tear of the cartilage pad of the knee
torn meniscus
366
congenital deformity in which the feet are pulled downward and toward the middle of the body
clubfoot
367
blood test that is positive in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid factor
368
blood test that has an elevated level in patients with gout
uric acid
369
measures the BMD to determine if the beginning of osteoporosis has occurred
bone density test
370
used to measure range of motion
goniometry
371
artificial limb
prosthesis
372
uses weight to pull the end of bones into correct alignment.
traction
373
-used to remove access fluid from joint
arthrocentesis
374
uses an arthroscope inserted into the joint to visualize the inside of the joint
arthroscopy
375
uses bone chips to repair fractures with extensive bone loss or defects
bone graft
376
removing a bunion
bunionectomy
377
metal pins inserted into bone
external fixation
378
surgically opening fracture site to realign using screws, nails, or plates
ORIF
379
AKA
above the knee amputation
380
AP
anteroposterior
381
BKA
below the knee amputation
382
BMD
bone mineral density
383
C1-C7
cervical vertebrae
384
Ca
calcium
385
DJD
degenerative joint disease
386
Fx
fracture
387
L1-L5
lumbar vertebrae
388
LLE
left lower extremity
389
LUE
left upper extremity
390
NSAID
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
391
OA
osteoarthritis
392
ORIF
open reduction and internal fixation
393
ortho
orthopedics
394
PT
physical therapy
395
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
396
RF
rheumatoid factor
397
RLE
right lower extremity
398
ROM
range of motion
399
RUE
right upper extremity
400
T1-T12
thoracic vertebrae
401
Loss of muscle, caused by malnutrition or if they are paralyzed
atrophy
402
