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anatomy > med term final > Flashcards

med term final Flashcards

1
Q

what are the five language skills that every language of communication consists of

A

reading, listening, thinking (analyzing), writing and spelling, speaking and pronouncing

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2
Q

the study of word origins

A

Etymology

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3
Q

where do many words from medical language come from

A

Greek and latin

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4
Q

when a latin singular noun ends in -a, form the plural by

A

changing a to ae

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5
Q

when a latin singular noun ends in -us, form the plural by

A

changing us to i

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6
Q

When a Latin singular noun end in -um, form the plural by changing

A

um to a

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7
Q

When a Latin singular noun end in -is, form the plural by changing

A

is to es

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8
Q

When a Latin singular noun end in -ex, form the plural by changing

A

ex to ices

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9
Q

When a Latin singular noun end in -ix, form the plural by changing

A

ix to ices

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10
Q

When a Greek singular noun ends in –is, form the plural by changing

A

is to ides

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11
Q

When a Greek singular noun ends in –nx, form the plural by changing

A

nx to nges

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12
Q

When a Greek singular noun ends in –oma, form the plural by changing

A

oma to omata

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13
Q

When a Greek singular noun ends in –on, form the plural by changing

A

on to a

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14
Q

what are the three types of word parts

A

combining form, suffix, prefix

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15
Q

a word part that is the foundation of a word

A

combining form

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16
Q

at the end of a word

A

suffix

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17
Q

at the beginning of a word

A

prefix

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18
Q

the palms of the hands are facing up and the body it standing straight up and down.

A

anatomical position

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19
Q

an imaginary flat surface that divides the body into two parts.

A

plane

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20
Q

What are the three main body planes

A

the coronal/frontal plane, and the sagittal plane, transverse plane

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21
Q

a vertical plane that divides the body into front and back sections.

A

coronal/frontal plane

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22
Q

what is the front called

A

anterior or vertical section

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23
Q

what is the back called

A

posterior or dorsal section

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24
Q

direction involves moving from outside the body through the anterior section then through the posterior section.

A

anteroposterior

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25
Q

direction involves moving from outside the body through the posterior section and then through the anterior section.

A

posteroanterior

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26
Q

the vertical plane the divides the body into right and left sections

A

the sagittal plane

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27
Q

Moving from either side of the body toward the midline is moving a

A

medical direction or medially

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28
Q

Moving from the midline toward either side of the body is moving a

A

lateral direction or laterally

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29
Q

a horizontal plane that divides the body into top and bottom sections.

A

transverse plane

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30
Q

the upper half is called the

A

superior section

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31
Q

the lower half is called the

A

inferior section

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32
Q

Moving toward the head is called moving in a

A

superior direction or superiorly or moving in a cephalad direction.

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33
Q

Moving toward the tail bone is moving in an

A

inferior direction or inferiorly or moving in a caudad direction.

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34
Q

Moving from trunk of the body toward the end of a limb is moving in a

A

distal direction or distally.

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35
Q

Moving from the end of a limb toward the trunk of the body is moving in a

A

proximal direction or proximally.

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36
Q

Structures on the surface of the body are

A

superficial or external structures.

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37
Q

Structures below the surface and inside the body are

A

deep or internal structures

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38
Q

a hollow space

A

cavity

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39
Q

is within the bony cranium. Contains the brain, cranial nerves, and other structures.

A

cranial cavity

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40
Q

a continuation of the cranial cavity as it travels down the midline of the spine. It contains the spinal cord, spinal nerves, and other structures.

A

spinal cavity or spinal canal

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41
Q

Thoracic cavity is within the chest and surrounded by the breast bone, ribs, and the bones of the spinal cord. Contains

A

trachea, esophagus, heart, and other structures.

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42
Q

within abdomen, surrounded by abdomic muscles and bones spinal column.

A

Abdominal cavity-

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43
Q

continuation of the abdominal cavity, surrounded by pelvic bones and spinal column.

A

pelvis cavity

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44
Q

the combination of the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity.

A

Abdominopelvic cavity

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45
Q

in the abdominopelvic cavity are known as viscera. These organs include; gastrointestinal, reproductive, and urinary systems.

A

Internal organs

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46
Q

what are the LUQ, RUQ, RLQ, and LLQ

A

the four quadrants

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47
Q

the study of the structures of the human body.

A

anatomy

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48
Q

the study of the function of the structures.
Microscopic to macroscopic

A

physiology

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49
Q

the smallest independently functioning structure in the body that can reproduce itself by division.

A

the cell

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50
Q

can only be seen with a microscope

A

microscope

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51
Q

Cells combine to form tissue and tissue combines to form

A

organs

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52
Q

can be seen by the naked eye

A

macroscopic

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53
Q

occurs when there is difficult or painful eating and swallowing

A

dysphagia

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54
Q

the decreased appetite due to disease or side effect of a drug

A

anorexia

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55
Q

excessive overeating

A

polyphagia

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56
Q

inflammation of the oral mucosa due to poorly fitted dentures or infection

A

stomatitis

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57
Q

inflammation of only the tongue

A

glossitis

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58
Q

mild and temporary epigastric pain with common side effects of gas and nausea

A

dyspepsia

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59
Q

veins that protrude in the mucosa of lower esophagus

A

esophageal varices

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60
Q

acute or chronic inflammation of stomach, can be bacteria or virus

A

gastritis

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61
Q

acute inflammation or infection of stomach and intestines, can be bacterial or viral, causes abd. pain, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea

A

gastroenteritis

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62
Q

inflammation and irritation due to reflux of stomach acid into esophagus

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd)

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63
Q

temporary inflammation of esophagus because of acid reflux. aka pyrosis

A

heartburn

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64
Q

vomiting of blood, caused by bleeding in stomach or esophagus

A

hematemesis

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65
Q

the urge to vomit

A

nausea

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66
Q

expelled food or chime

A

vomit

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67
Q

reflux small amounts of food into mouth

A

regurgitation

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68
Q

chronic irritation, pain, erosion of mucosa, forms ulcer.

A

peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

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69
Q

telescoping of a segment of intestine into lumen of next

A

intussusception

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70
Q

inflammation and infection of appendix

A

appendicitis

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71
Q

common in babies, abd. pain after eating

A

colic

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72
Q

wall of colon becomes weak, forms pouch or tube in mucosa.

A

diverticulum

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73
Q

feces become trapped in pouch causing infection, pain, and fever

A

diverticulum

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74
Q

bacterial infection caused by e. coli. watery diarrhea mixed with blood and mucus

A

dysentery

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75
Q

auto immune, toxic reaction because of gluten

A

gluten sensitivity enteropathy

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76
Q

inflammation of parts of small and large intestines.

A

inflammatory bowel disease

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77
Q

inflammation of the ileum and colon

A

crohns disease

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78
Q

inflammation with colon and rectum, causes ulcers

A

ulcerative colitis

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79
Q

disorder of colon functions. no signs of inflammation. intestine is spasming

A

irritable bowel syndrome

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80
Q

benign or precancerous growth in mucosa of colon. may become cancerous

A

polyp

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81
Q

veins protrude around on or around anus

A

hemorrhoids

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82
Q

wall of rectum pushes on vaginal wall, collapses inward and blocks vaginal canal

A

rectocele

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83
Q

failure to have regular bowel movements

A

constipation

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84
Q

loose watery and frequent feces

A

diarrhea

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85
Q

excessive amounts of fat in stomach and intestines

A

flatulence

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86
Q

blood in feces, due to ulcer, cancer, crohns disease, polyp, hemorrhoid

A

hematochezia

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87
Q

can’t control bowel movements

A

incontinence

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88
Q

greasy, foul smelling feces. contains undigested fats

A

steatorrhea

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89
Q

fibrous bands that form after surgery, intestines bind to other organs.

A

adhesions

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90
Q

weakness in muscle of abd. wall. Swelling and pain.

A

hernia

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91
Q

hernia at umbilicus

A

umbilical hernia

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92
Q

hernia in the groin

A

inguinal hernia

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93
Q

inflammation and infection of peritoneum. Tumor or ulcer eats through wall of stomach and intestines.

A

peritonitis

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94
Q

accumulation of fluid in abdominopelvic cavity

A

ascites

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95
Q

progressive inflammation and irreversible damage to liver. Enlarged and impaired.

A

cirrhosis

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96
Q

inflammation and infection of liver due to hepatitis virus

A

hepatitis

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97
Q

enlargement of the liver

A

hepatomegaly

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98
Q

yellow color of the skin and whites of the eyes. Increase levels of bilirubin.

A

jaundice

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99
Q

acute or chronic inflammation of the bile ducts

A

cholangitis

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100
Q

inflammation of the gallbladder

A

cholecysitis

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101
Q

gall stones in the gallbladder

A

cholelithiasis

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102
Q

inflammation or infection of pancreas

A

pancreatitis

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103
Q

Test that uses a culture to determine which bacterium is causing an intestinal infection and a sensitivity test to determine which antibiotic drugs it is sensitive to.

A

culture and sensitivity (c and s)

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104
Q

Test for hidden blood in the feces. The feces are mixed with the chemical reagent guaiac. This is also known as stool guaiac test. If blood is present, the guaiac will turn a blue color.

A

fecal occult blood test

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105
Q

Test to determine if there is a parasitic infection in the gastrointestinal tract

A

ova and parasites (o and p)

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106
Q

Barium is inserted through the rectum. Outlines the walls of the colon and takes an x-ray.

A

barium enema (BE)

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107
Q

Procedure that used a contrast dye to outline the bile ducts. An x-ray is taken to show any gallstones

A

cholangiography

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108
Q

High frequency sounds waves create images of gallbladder.

A

gallbladder ultrasound

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109
Q

barium is swallowed. outlines esophagus, stomach, and duodenum

A

upper gastrointestinal series (UGI)

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110
Q

Nasogastric tub is inserted through nostrils, drains secretions from stomach and may feed patients.

A

insertion of nasogastric tube

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111
Q

removal of appendix

A

appendectomy

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112
Q

Procedure to remove a small piece of tissue from an ulcer, polyp, mass, or tumor.

A

biopsy

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113
Q

remove the gallbladder

A

cholecystectomy

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114
Q

Procedure to remove the disease part of the colon and create a new opening in the abdominal wall where feces can leave the body.

A

colostomy

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115
Q

endoscope is used to examine the gastrointestinal tract.

A

endoscopy

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116
Q

removal of all or parts of stomach

A

gastrectomy

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117
Q

treats obesity. Staples make a small stomach pouch.

A

gastroplasty

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118
Q

opening is made into the abd. wall to insert a feeding tube.

A

gastrostomy

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119
Q

removal of hemorrhoids

A

hemorrhoidectomy

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120
Q

opening in abd. wall into jejunum to insert feeding tube.

A

jejunostomy

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121
Q

removal of severely damaged liver.

A

liver transplantation

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122
Q

treats heartburn

A

antacid drugs

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123
Q

treats gastrointestinal infections

A

antibiotic

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124
Q

treats diarrhea

A

antidiarrheal

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125
Q

treats nausea and vomiting

A

antiemetic drug

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126
Q

treat constipation

A

laxative drugs

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127
Q

common cold, bacterial or viral infection

A

upper respiratory infection (URI)

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128
Q

hyperactivity of the bronchioles, inflammation

A

asthma

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129
Q

acute or chronic inflammation or infection of bronchi

A

bronchitis

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130
Q

friction rub, rales, rhonchi, stridor or wheezes

A

abnormal breath sounds

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131
Q

severe infection, extensive burn, or injury in the lungs

A

adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

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132
Q

incomplete expansion or collapse of part of a lung due to mucus, tumor, trauma, or foreign body blocking the bronchus

A

atelectasis

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133
Q

combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema caused by chronic exposure to pollution or smoking

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

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134
Q

hereditary, eventually fatal disease caused by a recessive gene

A

cystic fibrosis (CF)

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135
Q

known as the flu

A

influenza

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136
Q

constant exposure to inhaled particles causing pulmonary fibrosis and aveoli to lose their elasticity

A

occupational lung diseases

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137
Q

infection of some or all of the lobes of the lungs

A

pneumonia

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138
Q

caused by foreign matter thats inhaled into lungs

A

aspiration pneumonia

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139
Q

caused by bacteria

A

bacterial pneumonia

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140
Q

affects bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli

A

bronchopneumonia

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141
Q

involves both lungs

A

double pneumonia

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142
Q

affects part of or all of just one lobe of the lung

A

lobar pneumonia

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143
Q

acute, caused by bacterium

A

pneumococcal pneumonia

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144
Q

caused by virus(let it run its course)

A

viral pneumonia

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145
Q

mild form, caused by bacterium

A

walking pneumonia

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146
Q

fluid collects in alveoli, resulting in back up of blood

A

pulmonary edema

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147
Q

blockage of a pulmonary artery or one of its branches

A

pulmonary embolism

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148
Q

lung infection caused by bacterium, spread by airborne droplets or coughing

A

tuberculosis (TB)

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149
Q

blood stuck in thoracic cavity usually from trauma

A

hemothorax

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150
Q

inflammation or infection of the pleura due to pneumonia, trauma or tumor

A

pleurisy

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151
Q

large volume of air in the pleural space

A

pneumothorax

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152
Q

Brief or prolonged absence of spontaneous respirations due to respiratory failure or arrest

A

apnea

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153
Q

abnormal slow rate of breathing

A

bradypnea

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154
Q

painful respirations due to lung disease

A

dyspnea

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155
Q

need to be propped in upright position to breathe

A

orthopnea

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156
Q

abnormally rapid rate of breathing

A

tachypnea

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157
Q

Complete lack of O2 in arterial blood or body tissues

A

anoxia

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158
Q

abnormally high level of CO2 and abnormally low level of O2

A

asphyxia

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159
Q

low level of O2 and high levels of CO2 in blood and tissues

A

cyanosis

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160
Q

very low level of O2 in the arterial blood

A

hypoxemia

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161
Q

blood test to measure the pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

A

arterial blood gases (ABG)

162
Q

blood test to measure carbon monoxide in the blood

A

carboxyhemoglobin

163
Q

procedure when a small clip device is put on the tip of the index finger or earlobe to measure oxygen saturation in the blood

A

oximetry

164
Q

measures capacity of the lungs and volume when inhaling and exhaling

A

pulmonary function test (PFT)

165
Q

test to see what bacteria is growing and how to kill it

A

Sputum Culture and Sensitivity (C&S)

166
Q

test to see if a patient has been exposed to tuberculosis.

A

tuberculosis test

167
Q

uses a 4-pronged device to puncture skin and introduce PPD

A

tine test

168
Q

intradermal injection of PPD

A

mantoux test

169
Q

uses x-ray to create image of the lungs (Chest x-ray)

A

chest radiography

170
Q

procedure to scan a narrow slice of tissue and create an image

A

CT scan and MRI scan

171
Q

nuclear medicine procedure that uses radioactive gas to show the air flow

A

lung scan

172
Q

uses a stethoscope to listen and percussion uses one finger over the hand to tap and is spread across the patients back lobe of the lung

A

Auscultation and percussion

173
Q

procedure to ventilate lungs and circulate the blood if a patients has stopped breathing and the heart has stopped beating

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

174
Q

lighted laryngoscope is used to see vocal cords and a tube is inserted from the outside of the mouth and into the trachea to establish an airway for patient to be on a ventilator

A

Endotracheal intubation

175
Q

used to assist a choking victim with an airway obstruction

A

heimlich remover

176
Q

medical device to encourage patients to breathe deeply, a spirometer is a plastic device with a mouth piece that measure the amount of air the patient took in

A

incentive spirometer

177
Q

oxygen is delivered to the patient through a nasal cannula of face mask, a patient who needs respiratory assistance and oxygen is placed on a ventilator, and an ambu bag is a hand held device used to manually breathe for the patient but only on a temporary basis

A

oxygen therapy

178
Q

temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure are all taken

A

vital signs

179
Q

procedure when a lighted bronchoscope is inserted through the mouth and larynx to examine the trachea and bronchi

A

bronchoscopy

180
Q

procedure when a plastic tube is inserted between the ribs and into the thoracic cavity to remove air or blood

A

chest tube insertion

181
Q

procedure to remove all or part of the lung

A

lung resection

182
Q

procedure that uses needle and a vacuum container to remove pleural fluid from the pleura space

A

thoracentesis

183
Q

incision into the thoracic cavity

A

thoracotomy

184
Q

procedure that starts with an incision into the trachea to create an opening, a tube is inserted to keep it open

A

tracheostomy

185
Q

treats respiratory infections caused by bacteria

A

antibiotic drugs

186
Q

suppress the cough center in the brain

A

antitussive drugs

187
Q

ABG

A

arterial blood gases

188
Q

A and P

A

auscultation and percussion

189
Q

BS

A

breath sounds

190
Q

C and S

A

culture and sensitivity

191
Q

CF

A

cystic fibrosis

192
Q

CO

A

carbon monoxide

193
Q

CO2

A

carbon dioxide

194
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

195
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

196
Q

CXR

A

chest x ray

197
Q

ETT

A

endotracheal tube

198
Q

O2

A

oxygen

199
Q

PFT

A

pulmonary function test

200
Q

SIDS

A

sudden infant death syndrome

201
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

202
Q

TB

A

tuberculosis

203
Q

TPR

A

temperature, pulse, respirations

204
Q

URI

A

upper respiratory infection

205
Q

pain in the chest that is a warning that myocardial infarction might happen

A

angina pectoris

206
Q

enlargement of the heart

A

cardiomegaly

207
Q

any disease condition of the heart

A

cardiomyopathy

208
Q

The death of myocardial cells from severe ischemia, this causes the flow of blood to be blocked. Also known as a heart attack.

A

myocardial infarction, MI

209
Q

blood pressures lower than 90/60.

A

hypotension

210
Q

blood pressure higher than 140/90.

A

hypertension

211
Q

sudden and severe vasoconstriction in fingers and toes, triggered by cold and emotions. Can lead to necrosis.

A

raynauds disease

212
Q

narrowed, hardened arteries. Starts from a small tear from hypertension. More common with those who have a high fat diet.

A

arteriosclerosis

213
Q

when a heart beats fast but regular, beats are up to 200 per minute.

A

tachycardia

214
Q

when a hearts beats slowly.

A

bradycardia

215
Q

chambers of the heart didn’t have time to completely fill with blood.

A

flutter

216
Q

area of dilation and weakness in a wall artery, during each heartbeat the wall of the artery bulges forward.

A

aneurysm

217
Q

autoimmune response to strep throat, when the bodies make the antibodies, they attack the connective tissue.

A

rheumatic heart disease

218
Q

inflammation or infection of the pericardial sac, with accumulation of pericardial fluid.

A

pericarditis

219
Q

abnormal heart sound created by the turbulence as blood leaks through a defective heart.

A

murmur

220
Q

A test that provides comprehensive picture of the levels in the blood of cholesterol and triglycerides and their lipoprotein carriers.

A

lipid profile

221
Q

Procedure performed to study the anatomy and pressures in the heart.

A

cardiac catheterization

222
Q

Procedure performed to evaluate the heart’s response to exercise in patients with chest pain, palpitations, or arrhythmias.

A

cardiac exercise stress test

223
Q

Procedure that records the electrical activity of the heart.

A

electrocardiography

224
Q

Electrical image generated by the contraction and relaxation of the heart.

A

EKG

225
Q

Procedure during which the patient’s heart rate and rhythm are continuously monitored as an outpatient for 24 hours.

A

holter monitor

226
Q

Cardiac stress test performed in patients who cannot exercise vigorously.

A

pharmacologic stress test

227
Q

Procedure to monitor a patient’s heart rate and rhythm in the hospital.

A

telemetry

228
Q

Procedure in which radiopaque contrast dye is injected into a blood vessel to fill and outline it.

A

angiography

229
Q

Procedure that uses transducer to produce ultra high-frequency sound waves that are bounced off the heart to create an image.

A

echocardiography

230
Q

Nuclear medicine procedure that uses radiopaque tracer technetium-99m.

A

multiple gated acquisition scan

231
Q

Procedure that uses stethoscope to listen to the heart sounds.

A

auscultation

232
Q

Procedure to treat an arrhythmia that cannot be controlled with drugs.

A

cardioversion

233
Q

Procedure in which a sclerosing drug is injected into varicose vein.

A

sclerotherapy

234
Q

Procedure during physical exam to measure the temp, heart rate, and respirations as well as blood pressure.

A

vital signs

235
Q

Procedure to remove and aneurysm and repair the defect in the artery wall.

A

Aneurysmectomy

236
Q

Procedure used during open heart surgery in which the patient’s blood is rerouted through the cannula in the femoral vein to a heart lung machine.

A

cardiopulmonary bypass

237
Q

Procedure to bypass an occluded coronary artery and restore blood flow to the myocardium.

A

coronary artery bypass graft

238
Q

Procedure to remove a severely damaged heart from a patient with end stage heart failure and insert a new heart from a donor.

A

heart transplantation

239
Q

Procedure in which an automated device is implanted to control the heart rate and rhythm in a patient with an arrhythmia.

A

pacemaker insertion

240
Q

Procedure to reconstruct a coronary artery that is narrowed because of atherosclerosis.

A

PTCA

241
Q

Procedure that uses a needle to puncture the pericardium and withdraw inflammatory fluid accumulated in pericardial sac.

A

pericardiocentesis

242
Q

Procedure to destroy ectopic areas in the heart that are emitting electrical impulses and producing arrhythmias.

A

radiofrequency ablation

243
Q

Procedure to replace a severely damaged or prolapsed heart valve.

A

valve replacement

244
Q

prevent blood clots

A

anticoagulant

245
Q

prevents heart attack

A

aspirin

246
Q

Block sodium from being absorbed from tubule back into blood.

A

diuretic drugs

247
Q

treat angina pectoris

A

nitrate drugs

248
Q

Treat blood clots that are blocking blood through an artery.

A

thrombolytic drugs

249
Q

AED

A

automatic external defibrillator

250
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

251
Q

CABG

A

coronary artery bypass graft

252
Q

CAD

A

coronary artery disease

253
Q

CCU

A

coronary care unit

254
Q

CHF

A

congestive heart failure

255
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

256
Q

CV

A

cardiovascular

257
Q

EKG

A

electrocardiography

258
Q

HTN

A

hypertension

259
Q

LA

A

left atrium

260
Q

LV

A

left ventricle

261
Q

MI

A

myocardial infarction

262
Q

MVP

A

Mitral valve prolapse

263
Q

P

A

pulse

264
Q

PVD

A

peripheral vascular disease

265
Q

RA

A

right atrium

266
Q

RV

A

right ventricle

267
Q

SA

A

Sinoatrial

268
Q

TPR

A

Temperature pulse respirations

269
Q

general term involving blood cells

A

blood dyscrasia

270
Q

loss of a large amount of blood

A

hemorrhage

271
Q

decreased numbers of all type of blood cells

A

pancytopenia

272
Q

severe bacterial infection of the tissue that spreads to the blood then entire body

A

septicemia

273
Q

any abnormal size, shape or color of erythrocytes

A

abnormal red blood cell morphology

274
Q

decrease in number of erythrocytes

A

anemia

275
Q

failure the bone marrow to produce erythrocytes due to damage by disease (can be temporary)

A

aplastic anemia

276
Q

caused by deficiency of iron in the diet or increased loss of iron because of menstruation, hemorrhage, or chronic blood loss

A

iron deficiency anemia

277
Q

inherited genetic abnormality of amino acids and hemoglobin so the erythrocytes are crest shape

A

sickle cell anemia

278
Q

general term for irregular shape of erythrocytes

A

poikilocytosis

279
Q

happens when a pt receives a blood transfusion that they are not compatible with (hemolytic reaction: fever, chills, hypotension, and kidney failure occur)

A

transfusion reaction

280
Q

sexual transmitted or can be passed through blood your body produces antibodies against your immune system so your body can’t fight of diseases

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

281
Q

when your immune is weak an infection sees this as a perfect time to attack your system

A

opportunistic infection

282
Q

infectious disease caused by the epstein-barr virus (EBV) results in lymphadenopathy

A

mononucleosis (mono)

283
Q

general term for disease that affects your blood to clot normally

A

coagulopathy

284
Q

a thrombus (blood clot) in one of the deep veins in your leg common for pt that are immobile. Could result in a embolus (blood clot that travels to the heart that can cause further damage).

A

deep venous thrombosis (DVT)

285
Q

inherited disease that causes a lack or deficiency of a specific clotting factor so the pt can bleed out from a little cut

A

hemophilia

286
Q

lack in the number of thrombocytes due to radiation, chemicals, drugs where your body isn’t making enough

A

thrombocytopenia

287
Q

immune reaction of donor tissue or donor organ against the pt

A

graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

288
Q

enlarged lymph nodes could be caused by an infection

A

lymphadenopathy

289
Q

swelling of an extremity because of a chain of lymph nodes have been removed so there is fluid build up

A

lymphedema

290
Q

enlargement of the spleen

A

splenomegaly

291
Q

tumor of the thymus usually benign

A

thymoma

292
Q

determine the pt blood type and rH factor

A

blood type

293
Q

with differential- determines the number and type of characteristics of blood cells

A

complete blood count (CBC)

294
Q

percentage of RBC

A

hematocrit (HCT)

295
Q

monitors the effectiveness of anticoagulant drug heparin

A

partial thromboplastin time (PTT)-

296
Q

monitors the effectiveness of anticoagulant drug Coumadin

A

prothrombin time (PT)

297
Q

determines the level of different substances in the blood

A

blood chemistries

298
Q

measures the amount of iron in the blood

A

ferritin

299
Q

detect infection associated with HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test

300
Q

test for the EB virus that is associated with mono

A

monospot test

301
Q

measures your immunoglobulins

A

electrophoresis

302
Q

uses dye to examine lymph vessels

A

lymphangiography

303
Q

removing red bone marrow

A

bone marrow aspiration

304
Q

drawing blood

A

phlebotomy

305
Q

injects vaccine into the body to prevent against diseases

A

vaccination

306
Q

donor donates blood

A

blood donation

307
Q

donated blood is received by a pt through an IV

A

blood transfusion

308
Q

pt receives bone marrow

A

bone marrow transplantation (BMT)

309
Q

separate red blood cells from the plasma

A

plasmapheresis

310
Q

immature red blood cells received by a pt

A

stem cell transplantation-

311
Q

aspirate material from lymph node to examine

A

lymph node biopsy

312
Q

removal of the lymph nodes

A

lymph node dissection

313
Q

removal of the spleen

A

splenectomy

314
Q

removal of the thymus

A

thymectomy

315
Q

prevent blood from clotting

A

anticoagulant

316
Q

stimulates the red marrow to make erythrocytes

A

erythropoietin

317
Q

suppressant immune response (ex: transplant organ)

A

immunosuppressant drug

318
Q

A

A

A blood type

319
Q

AB

A

AB blood type

320
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

321
Q

B

A

B blood type

322
Q

BMT

A

bone marrow transplant

323
Q

CBC

A

complete blood count

324
Q

EBV

A

epstein-barr virus

325
Q

GVHD

A

graft-versus-host disease

326
Q

HCT

A

hematocrit

327
Q

Hgb

A

hemoglobin

328
Q

H and H

A

hemoglobin and hematocrit

329
Q

HIV

A

Human immunodeficiency virus

330
Q

mono

A

mononucleosis

331
Q

O

A

O blood type

332
Q

PT

A

prothrombin time

333
Q

PTT

A

partial thromboplastin time

334
Q

RBC

A

red blood cells

335
Q

WBC

A

white blood cells

336
Q

Cell Death in epiphysis of a long bone, often from a lack of blood

A

avascular necrosis

337
Q

Osteoma- benign

A

bone tumor

338
Q

osteosarcoma

A

malignant

339
Q

Benign tumor of cartilage.

A

chondroma

340
Q

bone does not break through skin

A

closed

341
Q

bone does break though skin

A

open

342
Q

broken portions remain in correct alignment

A

nondisplaced

343
Q

broken portions are not in correct alignment

A

displaced

344
Q

bone is crushed into several pieces

A

comminuted

345
Q

vertebrae are compressed together

A

compression

346
Q

bone is only broken on one side

A

greenstick

347
Q

-very thin fracture line

A

hairline

348
Q

-bone is broken at an oblique angle

A

oblique

349
Q

bone is broken in a spiral due to a twisting force

A

spiral

350
Q

broken perpendicular to its long axis

A

transverse

351
Q

Softening of bones due to Vitamin D deficiency

A

osteomalacia

352
Q

Infection in bone and bone marrow

A

osteomyelitis

353
Q

Thinning of bone structure

A

osteoporosis

354
Q

posterior curvature of the thoracic spine (humpback/hunchback)

A

kyphosis

355
Q

anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (swayback)

A

lordosis

356
Q

C or S shaped later curvature of the spine

A

scoliosis

357
Q

Pain in joint due to inflammation or infection (symptom)

A

arthralgia

358
Q

Any disease of joint (general term)

A

arthropathy

359
Q

Displacement of end of the bone from normal position

A

dislocation

360
Q

High uric acid level in the blood causing severe pain

A

gout

361
Q

Arthritis caused by a bacteria from a deer tick bite

A

lyme disease

362
Q

Chronic inflammatory disease of large weight bearing joints

A

osteoarthritis

363
Q

Autoimmune inflammatory disease of connective tissues, usually joints

A

rheumatoid arthritis

364
Q

Overstretching or tearing of a ligament

A

sprain

365
Q

Tear of the cartilage pad of the knee

A

torn meniscus

366
Q

congenital deformity in which the feet are pulled downward and toward the middle of the body

A

clubfoot

367
Q

blood test that is positive in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

A

rheumatoid factor

368
Q

blood test that has an elevated level in patients with gout

A

uric acid

369
Q

measures the BMD to determine if the beginning of osteoporosis has occurred

A

bone density test

370
Q

used to measure range of motion

A

goniometry

371
Q

artificial limb

A

prosthesis

372
Q

uses weight to pull the end of bones into correct alignment.

A

traction

373
Q

-used to remove access fluid from joint

A

arthrocentesis

374
Q

uses an arthroscope inserted into the joint to visualize the inside of the joint

A

arthroscopy

375
Q

uses bone chips to repair fractures with extensive bone loss or defects

A

bone graft

376
Q

removing a bunion

A

bunionectomy

377
Q

metal pins inserted into bone

A

external fixation

378
Q

surgically opening fracture site to realign using screws, nails, or plates

A

ORIF

379
Q

AKA

A

above the knee amputation

380
Q

AP

A

anteroposterior

381
Q

BKA

A

below the knee amputation

382
Q

BMD

A

bone mineral density

383
Q

C1-C7

A

cervical vertebrae

384
Q

Ca

A

calcium

385
Q

DJD

A

degenerative joint disease

386
Q

Fx

A

fracture

387
Q

L1-L5

A

lumbar vertebrae

388
Q

LLE

A

left lower extremity

389
Q

LUE

A

left upper extremity

390
Q

NSAID

A

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

391
Q

OA

A

osteoarthritis

392
Q

ORIF

A

open reduction and internal fixation

393
Q

ortho

A

orthopedics

394
Q

PT

A

physical therapy

395
Q

RA

A

rheumatoid arthritis

396
Q

RF

A

rheumatoid factor

397
Q

RLE

A

right lower extremity

398
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

399
Q

RUE

A

right upper extremity

400
Q

T1-T12

A

thoracic vertebrae

401
Q

Loss of muscle, caused by malnutrition or if they are paralyzed

A

atrophy

402
Q
A

anatomy (9 decks)

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