Gastrointestinal System Flashcards
(31 cards)
Omeprazole belongs to what drug class?
PPI (Proton Pump Inhibitor)
How do PPIs work to control and treat gastric and duodenal ulcers and GERD?
They decrease gastric acid production by inhibiting ATPase enzymes in the stomach.
What is a side effect of long-term treatment with Proton Pump Inhibitors PPI?
Bone Loss
How long can you safely take a PPI drug like omeprazole?
8 weeks
How is omeprazole administered?
Once a day before first meal of day.
What education would you give a client taking omeprazole?
Do weight bearing exercises
Increase calcium and vitamin D
Describe peptic ulcer disease PUD.
Condition where lesion form in the stomach and duodenum which can cause pain and bleeding in the GI tract.
It happens when the balance of mucosal protection and gastric acid is not in balance.
What are some causes of PUD?
H Pyori bacteria
Diet and lifestyle choices
Famotidine belongs to which drug class?
Histamine H2 Antagonist
How do H2 antagonists work to treat PUD and GERD?
They block H2 receptors in the stomach to reduce gastric acid.
What are some side effects of famotidine?
Headache
GI upset
What is Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome?
It is a condition that causes excess gastric acid production
Are there any interactions with famotidine?
Avoid NSAIDs or other gastric upsetting drugs like aspirin.
Don’t take within an hour of antacids.
What does ondansetron (Zofran) treat?
Nausea and vomiting from chemo and post-op recovery
Ondansetron belongs to what drug class?
5-HT3 antagonist
How does ondansetron work to relieve nausea?
Serotonin 5-HT3 antagonists block 5-HT3serotonin receptors located in the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the brain, which minimizes nausea and vomiting.
What are some common side effects of ondansetron?
Dizziness- Fall risk for patient
Headache
Constipation or diarrhea
What are some serious side effects of ondansetron?
Serotonin syndrome
torsade de pointes
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Name some interactions noted with ondansetron use?
Should not be given with other drugs that affect CNS such as SSRIs, SNRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, MAOIs, fentanyl, lithium, buspirone, tramadol. It increases the risk of serotonin syndrome.
What is lactulose used for?
Treats constipations
Bowel prep
Treast liver disease
Lactulose is in what drug class?
Osmotic laxative
How do osmotic laxatives like lactulose work?
Relieves constipation by drawing water into the large intestine which softens fecal matter and promotes peristalsis.
What are some side effects of lactulose?
Diarrhea
Cramping
Electrolyte imbalances
Docusate sodium belongs to what drug class?
Stool softener
