Gastrointestinal System Flashcards by Sammi S

Another word for digestive tract

Alimentary canal

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Process of food going through the gastrointestinal system

Mouth
Esophagus
Cardiac sphincter
Stomach
Pyloric sphincter
Duodenum
Jejunum
Illeum
Illeocecal valve
Cecum
Ascending colon
Hepatic flexure
Transverse colon
Splenic flexure
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Anus

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What is another name for hepatic flexure?

Right colic flexure

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What is another name for splenic flexure?

Left colic flexure

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What are the three parts of the small intestine?

Duodenum
Jejunum
Illeum

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What is the combining form for stomach?

Gastro

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What is the combining form for small intestines?

Entero

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What are the two combining forms for large intestines?

Colo

Colono

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What is the combining form for gallbladder?

Cholecysto

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What is another word for chewing?

Mastication

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Swallowing a bolus of food

Deglutition

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Vomiting blood

Hematemesis

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What are the parts of the stomach?

Fundus
Cardiac region
Pyloric region

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What is another name for the pyloric region?

Pylorus

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What kind of ulcer is in the stomach?

Gastric ulcer

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What kind of ulcer is in the small intestine?

Duodenal ulcer

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What kind of ulcer goes through the skin as an open wound (bed sore)?

Decubitis ulcer

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What does GERD stand for/mean?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Heartburn

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Changes in the lining of the esophagus

Barrett’s esophagus

What meds are used for Barrett’s esophagus?

Antacids

Proton pump inhibitors

What do antacids do?

Increase the pH in the esophagus so one feels less pain, but it doesn’t stop/prevent GERD

What do proton pump inhibitors do?

Block acid production in the stomach

What are three types of proton pump inhibitors?

Zantac
Nexium
Prilosec

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis

Removal of gallbladder

Cholecysectomy

Another name for gallstones

Choleliths

Condition where someone has gallstones

Cholelithiasis

Bulging of stomach superiorly through the diaphragm

Hiatal hernia

Bulging of intestines into groin

Inguinal hernia

Bulging of intestines into belly button

Umbilical hernia

Side pockets on the outside of the colon

Diverticula

Condition of having diverticula

Diverticulosis

Inflammation of diverticula

Diverticulitis

Twisted intestine

Volvulus

Varicose veins in rectum

Hemorrhoids

Another name for dilated

Varicose

Varicose veins in esophagus

Esophageal varices

Scarring/hardening of liver tissue due to long term hepatitis

Cirrhosis

Bright red blood in stool displaying a lower GI bleed

Hematochezia

Black stool

Melena

Black/tarry stools in newborns from digesting amniotic fluid

Meconium

Growths in intestinal wall

Polyps

What kind of growths in the intestinal wall has stalks?

Pedunculated polyps

What kind of growths in the intestinal wall is flat?

Sessile polyps

Joining of two tubular structures

Anastomosis

What is the pill form of barium called to see an upper GI series of X-rays?

Barium swallow

What is the insertion of barium into the anus to see a lower GI series of X-rays called?

Barium enema