Gastrointestinal System

Question 1

function of the gastrointestinal system

Answer 1

• MOVEMENT: move mixes and passes nutrients through system and eliminate waste
• SECRETES
• DIGESTION
• ABSORPTION

Question 2

What does the pharynx allow?

Answer 2

• passage for airway and food

- cavity between mouth and esophagus

Question 3

What does the esophagus allow?

Answer 3

only food

Question 4

esophagus

Answer 4

long, muscular tube that carries food to stomach by wavelike involuntary smooth muscle contraction = peristalsis

Question 5

When food reaches end of esophagus….

Answer 5

GASTRIC SPHINTER relaxes letting food into stomacah

Question 6

gastric juice

Answer 6

mixture of mucus, hydrochloride acid, and digestive enzymes

Question 7

chief cell

Answer 7

secretes PEPSINOGEN —-> an inactive form of pepsin used in digestive of proteins and enzymes

Question 8

parietal cell

Answer 8

secretes HYDROCHLORIC ACIDS (convert pepsinogen —> pepsin)

Question 9

goblet cell

Answer 9

secretes MUCUOS for protection against highly acidic hydrochloride

Question 10

gastrin hormone

Answer 10

act to stimulate SECRETION OF GASTRIC JUICE

Question 11

gnrelin hormone

Answer 11

stimulates APPETITE and promotes STORAGE OF FATS

Question 12

gallbladder

Answer 12

responsible for STORING and CONCENTRATING BILE before secreting it into small intestine

Question 13

liver

Answer 13

PRODUCING bile and ammonia

Question 14

pancreas

Answer 14

SECRETING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES specific for different types of foods

Question 15

stomach

Answer 15

where digestion occurs

Question 16

3 region of the small intestine

Answer 16

• duodenum
• jejunum
• ileum

Question 17

duodenum

Answer 17

receives chyme and digestive juice from pancreas and liver

-begins absorption of nutritions

Question 18

jejunum

Answer 18

majority of ABSORPTION here

- most folds and villi to increase surface area

Question 19

ileum

Answer 19

absorb BILE ACIDS & VITAMIN B2 and pass into bloodstream

Question 20

what is the main absorption organ?

Answer 20

small intestine

Question 21

what lines the small intestine?

Answer 21

villi

Question 22

bicarbonate

Answer 22

neutralizes acidic chyme and enzymatic digestion of fats lipase, starch by amylase, proteins by trysin are completed in duodenum

Question 23

From small intestine, blood carrying nutrients passes to…

Answer 23

liver via hepatic portal duct

- allowing liver to metabolize consumed toxins and stored glucose as glycogen

Question 24

Function of large intestine

Answer 24

concentrates, mixes and store waste materials

Question 25

cecum

Answer 25

has projection= appendix

Question 26

4 section of colon

Answer 26

• ascending
• descending
• transverse
• sigmoid

Question 27

What does large intestine absorb?

Answer 27

H2O and Vitamin K

Question 28

rectum

Answer 28

fecal waste accumulates and stored here until ejected thru anus by defecation

Question 29

urea

Answer 29

• A nitrogen-containing substance normally cleared from the blood by the kidney into the urine
• a colorless crystalline compound that is the main nitrogenous breakdown product of protein metabolism in mammals and is excreted in urine.