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TEAS > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Communications are between which 2 cells?

A
  • distinctive cells

- muscle cells

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2
Q

distinctive cells

A

neurons that pass info using electrical nerve impulses

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3
Q

muscle cells

A

carry out function by their ability to contract

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4
Q

CNS has 2 parts…

A
  • spinal cords

- brain

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5
Q

spinal cord

A

connects PNS to brain

-encased in bony structure of vertebrae

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6
Q

brain

A

integrates sensory info received from internal and external environment and assembles motor response

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7
Q

frontal lobe

A

responsible for short term and working memory and information processing as well as decision-making, planning, and judgement

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8
Q

parietal lobe

A

sensory lobe and spatial positioning of body (located on back and top of head)

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9
Q

occipital lobe

A

visual input, processing, and output

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10
Q

temporal lobes

A

responsible for auditory input, processing, and output

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11
Q

cerebellum

A

role in processing/storing of implicit memories

-balance and coordination

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12
Q

midbrain

A

important part of vision and hearing

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13
Q

brainstems include

A
  • midbrain
  • pons
  • medulla oblongata
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14
Q

PNS

A

has nerves and ganglia throughout body

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15
Q

afferent

A

TOWARDS spinal cord and brain

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16
Q

efferent

A

AWAY from spinal cords and brain

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17
Q

hypothalamus

A

(above midbrain)

- controls ANS through brain stem

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18
Q

spinal nerves

A

are like the many sideroads and alley that go to every part of the body (NOT CNS)

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19
Q

peripheral motor nerves sends…

A

efferent impulses—> which leads to somatic and automatic division carry out response

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20
Q

somatic nervous system

A

-controls 5 senses and voluntary movement of skeletal muscle

21
Q

efferent nerves

A

brings signals from CNS TO sensory organs and muscles

22
Q

afferent nerves

A

brings signals FROM sensory organs and muscles —> CNS

23
Q

cell body

A

main part of cell containing nucleus and most organelles

24
Q

nerve fibers

A

extend from body

- bundle of nerve cells (neurons) that pass on electrical signals (impulse) to the brain

25
Q

dendrites

A

receptors extension that RECEIVES NERVE IMPULSES

26
Q

axon

A

long singular tail-like extension

- sends impulses from neuron body to branching axon terminal

27
Q

synapse

A

allows neurons to pass signals on to other neurons, muscles, or glands

28
Q

spinal nerves…what does it contain?

A

bundle of nerve fibers that contain both afferent and efferent impulses

29
Q

glial cell

A
  • provide support, nutrients, insulations, and help with signal transmission in nervous system
  • immunoprotective/ scaffolding (a structure used to hold up or support other structure) for other nerve cells
30
Q

astrocyte

A

provide nutrients to neurons and clear out metabolites

  • exchange of materials between neurons an capillary
  • most abundant
31
Q

ectoderm

A

germ layer, or tissue layer, that forms in an animal embryo during development
- give rise to CNS and PNS

32
Q

endoderm

A

the innermost layer of cells or tissue of an embryo in early development
- give rise to EPITHELIAL LINING of GI and respiratory tract

33
Q

mesoderm

A

middle layer of embryo in early development

- give rise to CONNECTIVE TISSUE, STRIATED and SMOOTH, GONADS, etc

34
Q

microglial

A

immune defense against invading microorganism

35
Q

ependymal cells

A

create, secrete, and circulate cerebrospinal fluid

36
Q

oligodendrocytes

A

produce an insulating barrier called myelin sheath

37
Q

satellite cell

A

surround neurons and cell bodies

38
Q

schwann cells

A

insulate, help form myelin sheath

39
Q

medulla oblongata

A

involuntary controls- controls heart and lungs

40
Q

corpus callosum

A

connections between 2 lobes

- responsible for transmitting neural messages between the right and left hemisphere

41
Q

hippocampus

A

memory storage

42
Q

neurotransmitter

A

a chemical substance that is released from the AXON TERMINAL by the arrival of a nerve impulse

  • causes transfer of impulse
  • diffuse across synapse
43
Q

acetylcholine

A
  • neurotransmitter

- causes muscle to CONTRACT

44
Q

dopamine

A
  • neurotransmitter

- formed from epinephrine (adenaline)

45
Q

cerebrum

A

anterior to brain

46
Q

thalamus

A

relays sensory information; pain perception

47
Q

hippocampus

A

emotion, memory, ANS

48
Q

amygdala

A

emotions

TEAS (19 decks)

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