Gastrointestinal/Urinary

Question 1

What are pre-procedure preparation teaching for a colonoscopy? (3)

Answer 1

stool softeners

clear liquid diet day before (no red liquids)

NPO 8-12 hrs before procedure

Question 2

Is it normal to cramp after a colonoscopy?

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

What is dumping syndrome?

Answer 3

gastric contents empty too quickly into duodenum causing fluid shift into small intestine

Question 4

When does dumping syndrome usually occur?

Answer 4

shortly after eating

Question 5

What are some S&S of dumping syndrome? (6)

Answer 5

hypotension

abd pain

N/V

dizziness

sweating

tachycardia

Question 6

What is some teaching to prevent dumping syndrome? (5)

Answer 6

Meals in high in fat, protein, and fiber, and low carbohydrate content

Avoid consuming fluids with meals (drink 30 mins after)

Small frequent meals

Avoid meals with simple carbohydrates (sugar, syrup)

Avoid sitting after meal, lay down instead

Question 7

Pick S&S for small bowel obstruction

a. vomiting
b. abd pain
c. hypoactive BS
d. distended abdomen
e. inability to pass flatus or stool

Answer 7

a, b, d, e

would have hyperactive BS

Question 8

Pick S&S of ileus

a. vomiting
b. abd pain
c. abd distention
d. hypoactive BS
e. happens within hours to days after surgery

Answer 8

all of the above

Question 9

How do you prevent small bowel obstruction or ileus after a surgery?

Answer 9

begin on clear liquid diet until gut motility returns to normal

Question 10

T or F: should be on NPO status when you have small bowel obstruction

Answer 10

True

Question 11

When do you feel the pain for duodenal ulcer vs gastric ucler? And is it relieved by food?

Answer 11

Duodenal Ulcer: pain 2-3 hrs after eating, relieved by food

Gastric Ulcer: pain 30-60 mins after, not relieved by food

Question 12

Pick S&S for gastrointestinal bleeding:

a. pink skin
b. pallor
c. bradycardia
d. hypotension

Answer 12

b, d

will have tachycardia

Question 13

What is ulcerative colitis?

Answer 13

Chronic, intermittent episodes of inflammation and ulceration of large intestine (colon)

Question 14

Pick S&S of ulcerative colitis:

a. abd pain
b. constipation
c. diarrhea with blood and mucus
d. fever

Answer 14

a, c, d

Question 15

What are the complications of ulcerative colitis? (3)

Answer 15

toxic megacolon

colorectal cancer

C.diff

Question 16

What is toxic megacolon? and what can it lead to (complications)?

Answer 16

colonic distension and paralysis - can lead to bowel perf and peritonitis

Question 17

what are the S&S of toxic megacolon? (7)

Answer 17

abd distention
abd pain
diarrhea may stop
fever
hypotension
tachycardia
colonic dilation

Question 18

should you continue to drink fluids even when you have diarrhea with ulcerative colitis?

Answer 18

yes

Question 19

Would you see low or high levels of albumin in cirrhosis? and what findings would you see? (4)

Answer 19

Low albumin

Findings: fluid overload
- edema
- ascites
-weight gain

Question 20

Would you see high or low levels of ammonia in cirrhosis? and what finding would you see?

Answer 20

high ammonia

Finding: hepatic encephalopathy

Question 20

Would you see high or low levels of INR/PT in cirrhosis? and what finding would you see?

Answer 20

high INR

Finding: bleeding

Question 21

Would you see high or low levels of bilirubin in cirrhosis? and what findings would you see? (2)

Answer 21

high bilirubin

Findings: jaundice
- itching

Question 22

Would you see high or low levels of platelets in cirrhosis? and what findings would you see? (2)

Answer 22

low platelets (thrombocytopenia)

Finding:
- petechiae
- spontaneous bleeding

Question 23

Pick S&S of diverticulitis:

a. abd pain in right lwer quad
b. abd pain in left lower quad
c. leukopenia
d. palpable mass
e. stool with no blood

Answer 23

b, d,

would have leukocytosis and occult blood in stool

Question 24

What is a sign that a complication in diverticulitis has occured?

Answer 24

pain has progressed to other areas

Question 25

What are some complications of diverticulitis? (3)

Answer 25

fistula formation bowel perforation abscess formation

Question 26

T or F: with diverticulitis, pt should be on clear liquid diet or NPO

Answer 26

T: depends on ability to tolerate oral intake

Question 27

T or F: you can use heating pad as pain management for diverticulitis abd pain

Answer 27

F: can worsen and rupture

Question 28

Where is the pain located in hepatitis?

Answer 28

right upper quadrant

Question 29

What are some S&S of pancreatitis? (3)

Answer 29

severe epigastric pain after eating N/V elevated serum lipase and amylase

Question 30

What kind of discharge would you see in these STIs? Chlamydia Gonorrhea Trichomoniasis

Answer 30

Chlamydia: mucopurulent Gonorrhea: purulent (yellow/green) Trichomoniasis: thin, frothy, yellow/green discharge

Question 31

What are some S&S of HIV? (4)

Answer 31

sometimes asymptomatic - flu-like symptoms - lymphadenopathy (swelling of lymph nodes) - maculopapular rash

Question 32

T or F: syphilis has painful genital sores

Answer 32

F: they are painless

Question 33

Pick S&S of syphilis: a. genital sores b. sore throat c. no fever d. headache e. rash

Answer 33

a, b, d, r would have a fever