GChemOChem - Acids and Bases

Question 1

There are 3 ways to describe an acid or base. Arrhenius, Lewis, and Bronsted Lowry

Question 2

Arrhenius acid is a species that _____ hydrogen ions

Answer 2

produces

Question 3

Arrhenuis base is a species that produces _____ ions

Answer 3

hydroxde

Question 4

Arrhenius base can react with an arrhenius acid in a _________ reactionb

Answer 4

neutralizion. (OH- and H to make HOH (water))

Question 5

Acids are red and bases are ___

Answer 5

blue

Question 6

Bronsted-Lowry produces H. A bronsted bade ____ H

Answer 6

accepts

Question 7

When a BL acid loses a proton, it forms it conjugate ____

Answer 7

base (ie H2O (acid)–>OH- (conj. base))

Question 8

When a BL base gains a proton it becomes a conj ___

Answer 8

acid

Question 9

Lewis acid is a species that acts as an electron-pair ______ and are electrophiles

Answer 9

accept

Question 10

Lewis base is a species that act as an electron pair _____. Lew bases are nucleophiles

Answer 10

donor

Question 11

What charge is the nucleus?

Answer 11

postive (think raisin bun model a positive core with surrounding e-)

Question 12

a question differentiating b/w a lewis model against arrhenius or BL is likely

Question 13

when something is becoming more electrophilic it means it is becominig more positive or negative?

Answer 13

postive

Question 14

the conjugate of a strong acid NEVER reacts with H+

Answer 14

strong acids completely ionize in water

Question 15

List the 5 common strong acids

Answer 15

HCl
HBr
HI
H2SO4
HNO3

Question 16

Strong bases are NaOH and KOH and all of the first two columns with OH- in the PT

Question 17

H2CO3 is a ____ acid

Answer 17

weak

Question 18

anything with a -COOH is a ___ acd

Answer 18

weak

Question 19

If you see a N it is typically a ___ base

Answer 19

weak

Question 20

p means -log(whatever)

Question 21

what is the opposite of -log?

Answer 21

10^-ph

Question 22

pH=-log[H+] is the same as 10^-pH

Question 23

pH +pOH = kw. What is the value of kw?

Answer 23

14

Question 24

log(10^x)=x

Question 25

log(1)=

Answer 25

0

Question 26

to approximate a log with a difficult mantissa follow the steps on page 166

Question 27

water is amphoteric which means it can act as both an ___ and a ___

Answer 27

acid, base

Question 28

kw is equal to 1.00 x 10^-14 at room temp

Question 29

Dilute<10^-7

Question 30

Ka x Kb = Kw =10^-14

Answer 30

thie means wen Ka goes up Kb goes down

Question 31

C=n/V

Question 32

acid strength increases to the right and down the periodic table (same as Zeff). Why?

Question 33

The more stable the conj base the stronger the ___

Answer 33

acid

Question 34

How to determine how stable the conj base is the more spread out the electron is, the more stable.

Question 35

is COOH acidic or basic

Answer 35

acidic

Question 36

For ARIo we are looking at comparing w/ atomic radius for ____ and ____ electronegativity

Answer 36

coloumn, row

Question 37

ARIo is a good way to tell its ____ based on its structure

Answer 37

acidity

Question 38

The more ___ the conj. base the stronger the acid

Answer 38

stable

Question 39

How to determine the stability of a conj base?

Answer 39

you look at the spread of electrons. The more spread out the electrons are, the more stable

Question 40

The more spread out the electrons are the ____ stable

Answer 40

more

Question 41

zwitter ion form net neutral molecule with separated charges

Question 42

when deprotonated? when pKa < pH of solutionq

Question 43

KaxKb=10^-14 THINK what is the conj.!!

Question 44

Carbonic Acid is a polyprotic acid. Memorize the equation. H2CO3 > HCO3- + H+ > CO2 + H2O

Answer 44

This equilibrium is present in the bloodstream and is how the concentration of CO2 in the body can modulate blood pH

Question 45

citric acid is a ___protic

Answer 45

triprotic

Question 46

at ph-7 COOH are _____

Answer 46

deprotonated