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GCSE PE > GCSE PE- Unit 1 > Flashcards

GCSE PE- Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What factors of physical activity decrease with age?

A

Flexibilty
Strength after peak years
Injury Recovery

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2
Q

What factors of physical activity increase with age?

A

Skill levels because of more experience

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3
Q

Disability can be considered to exist in which four categories?

A

Physical
Mental
Permanent
Temporary

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4
Q

Give examples of what is done to make sport accessible to disabled people

A

Competitions only for disabled people e.g. Paralympic games
Adapted Sports e.g. wheelchair basketball- rules are adapted
Adapted equipment e.g. footballs with bells in them for blind footballers
Disability classification so that people with similar disabilities are competing against each other

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5
Q

What is a legal requirement for sports facilities?

A

To cater for all disabled people

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6
Q

In what ways do facilities cater for disabled people

A

Doors and doorways have to be wide to allow wheelchair access and raps must be provided
Disabled parking bays must be made visible and available
Lifts must allow access to upper floors
Specific activities for disabled

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7
Q

Name the physical differences in men and women

A

Women tend to be smaller
Women have smaller and flatter pelvises
Women have smaller lungs and heart than men
Women have a higher percentage of fat (25%)
Men have larger muscle mass

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8
Q

What is the disadvantage of having smaller heart and lungs?

A

A lower oxygen carrying capacity

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9
Q

What is the advantage of having less muscle mass?

A

It allows higher flexibility in females

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10
Q

What disadvantage do females have when participating?

A

Females menstruate and suffer a hormonal imbalance, which can affect participation in sports

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11
Q

What kind of sports would females be disadvantaged in?

A

Sports that are based on strength and power

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12
Q

What kind of sports would males be disadvantaged in?

A

Sports that are based on flexibilty

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13
Q

What do physical differences in males and females lead to?

A

Single sex participation in sports

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14
Q

What may prevent females from participating in sports?

A

Some religions may require women to stay covered up, and therefore they may not be able to wear certain sports equipment, resulting in them not taking part.

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15
Q

What is the somatotype?

A

Your body type

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16
Q

Name the three somatotypes?

A

Ectomorph
Endomorph
Mesomorph

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17
Q

Describe an endomorph

A

Pear shaped, with wide hips shoulders and tendency to gain fat on the arms and thighs. Have short legs

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18
Q

Describe a mesomorph

A

Wedge shape bod with wide shoulders, muscled arms and legs, narrow hips and a minimum amount of body fat.

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19
Q

Describe an ectomorph

A

Tall, slender and thin with narrow shoulders and hips, thin arms and legs. Very little muscle and body fat.

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20
Q

What type of sports suit endomorphs?

A

Power sports such as rugby as a pack member in the scrum

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21
Q

What type of sports suit mesomorphs?

A

Strength, agility and speed sports. Particularly suited for sports such as swimming.

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22
Q

What type of sports suit ectomorphs

A

Endurance events such as marathon running or gymnastics because of their light frame

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23
Q

Physique

A

the form, size and development of a persons body

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24
Q

Metabolic

A

The whole range of biochemical processes that occur with in us

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25
Q

Power

A

the combination of speed and strength

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26
Q

Maximal strength

A

the greatest amount of weight that can be lifted in one go

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27
Q

Body composition

A

the percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle or bone

28
Q

Musculature

A

the system or arrangement of muscles in a body

29
Q

What environmental factors can affect sports?

A 
Weather
Pollution
Altitude 
Humidity 
Terrain
30
Q

How does weather affect sports?

A

If it is raining or snowing, certain outdoor activities will not be safe to do

31
Q

How does pollution affect sports?

A

If there is large levels of pollution, exercising outside is dangerous, which restricts training to be indoors, which is not realistic for outdoor performers as there is air conditioning

32
Q

How does altitude affect sports?

A

Training and performing at high altitudes is beneficial as the air is not oxygen rich, so your heart gets used to working harder

33
Q

How does humidity affect sports?

A

Humidity combined with heat makes conditions very difficult to keep the body cool and avoid dehydration.

34
Q

How does terrain affect sports?

A

The landscape may be crucial to your sports e.g. slopes and snow are required to ski.

35
Q

dehydration

A

the rapid loss of water from the body

36
Q

landscape

A

the aspect of the land characteristics of a particular area

37
Q

Name two factors that makes sport appealing?

A

Risk and Challenge

38
Q

Give an example of challenge in sport

A

Tackling a bigger opponent in rugby

39
Q

What must be done before a physical activity is started?

A

Potential hazards or dangers are spotted and removed

40
Q

What is risk control?

A

Every effort has to be made to ensure that the activity continues in a safe manner

41
Q

Give the ways in which a game is kept as safe as possible

A

Playing by the rules and avoiding foul play
Make sure equipment and clothing is safe e.g. no jewellery
Ensuring that warm-up has taken place
Having first aid equipment
Knowledge of the location of first aiders and telephones for emergency services

42
Q

Challenge

A

A test of your ability or resources in a demanding situation

43
Q

Risk

A

the possibility of suffering harm, loss or danger

44
Q

What do competitive activities require?

A

Performers must be highly committed as they need to train to compete
May need to spend an entire day for their sport e.g. cricket matches can take up to a day to complete or travelling to fixture may take time

45
Q

What do professional competitors do?

A

If a performer is a professional competitor, they will concentrate on their sport full time

46
Q

What are recreational activities?

A

Activities that are not as demanding, as they do not require training or preparation, and are often done as a hobby.

47
Q

How do performance levels affect commitment to sport?

A

If a person is a top level competitor and plays at a high level, they will have to dedicate a lot of time to the sport to be an active participant.

48
Q

How does age affect participation is sports?

A

Someone who is young and goes to school will have more time for leisure activities than an adult who has a full time job.

49
Q

Name the advantages of participation in sport

A

Social aspect of taking part with others

Health benefits

50
Q

Competitive

A

An activity that involves some sort of contest

51
Q

Recreational

A

any form of play, amusement or relaxation that is done only for enjoyment

52
Q

Periodisation

A

The different parts of a training program

53
Q

What is the point of periodisation?

A

To ensure that the athlete is able to peak at the right time

54
Q

What does periodisation take into account?

A

The pre season
Peak Season
Post Season

55
Q

What is pre-season

A

The time leading up to when the majority of the competition is going to be played.

56
Q

What happens during pre-season?

A

It is a time of initial preperation, concentrating on fitness and developing techniques

57
Q

What is peak season?

A

The main competitive period for the competitor

58
Q

What happens during peak season?

A

Concentration on skill, ongoing fitness sessions as well as the actual participation in competition

59
Q

What is off season?

A

Period of rest and recovery after the competition is over.

60
Q

What is necessary during off season?

A

The general fitness should remain at a high level

61
Q

Give an example of a sport that has an off season

A

Football when the league season is over, and there are no more competitions running.

62
Q

Give an example of a sport that has no off season

A

Cricket usually has no off season because they cricketers will play in England during the summer and in Australia during the winter

63
Q

How can funds affect training?

A

If there are more funds, better training facilities can be used, and a personal trainer can be hired to advance the training

64
Q

Peak

A

at your very best

65
Q

General Fitness

A

a state of good health and to be able to carry out activity at a relatively low level

GCSE PE (8 decks)

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