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Physics > GCSE Physics : Energy > Flashcards

GCSE Physics : Energy Flashcards

1
Q

Name types of energy

A

-Heat ( thermal)energy
- Kinetic energy
-Nuclear energy
-Sound energy
-Light energy
-Chemical energy
- Electrical energy
-Gravitational potentional energy
-Elastic potential

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2
Q

Heat( thermal) energy

A

anything above zero (-273 degrees) has heat energy. Flows from warm to cold. An example is radiator because it gives out heat energy

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3
Q

Kinetic energy

A

anything that moves has kinetic energy. E.g football in mid air, formula one car at speed, cheater

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4
Q

nuclear energy

A

used in nuclear weapons/bombs. Released only from nuclear reactions

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5
Q

sound energy

A

anything noisy gives off sound energy. e.g vocal chords , speakers and instruments

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6
Q

light energy

A

anything luminous gives off light energy. e.g sun , lightbulbs, candles and glow worms

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7
Q

chemical energy

A

anything with stored energy which can be released by chemical reactions

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8
Q

electrical energy

A

anything that has or gives electrical/electricity. E.g phone , lightbulbs

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9
Q

Gravitational potential energy

A

anything above the ground has gravitational potential energy. e.g anything that can fall

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10
Q

elastic potential

A

anything stretched. e.g springs , elastic , rubber bands

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11
Q

how is energy wasted

A

energy is wasted through heat (thermal)

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12
Q

what is the law of conservation ?

A

energy cant be destroyed or created it can only be transferred

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13
Q

what is the term used to describe wasted energy

A

dissapated

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14
Q

what is the law of kinetic energy

A

any object that moves will have kinetic energy

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15
Q

formula to find kinetic energy

A

Kinetic energy = 0.5 x mass x velocity squared
KE = 0.5 x m x v^2

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16
Q

which 2 of the following could be used as a unit of kinetic energy ?

A

-kilograms
-joules

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17
Q

if car A goes 55MPH and the car B goes 30MPh which car will have most kinetic energy

A

car A will have more kinetic energy as it has a higher speed ( 55mph) than car B (30mph)

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18
Q

what is unit of mass

A

kilograms

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19
Q

1 kilo joule is ?

A

1000 joules

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20
Q

formula for change in objects gravitational potential energy store

A

change in objects gravitational potential energy store = weight x change of height

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21
Q

formula for change of gravitational potential energy store

A

change of gravitational potential energy = mass x gravitational field strength x change of height

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22
Q

if gravitational potential energy store of an object increases when it moves up ______

A

it decreases when it moves down

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23
Q

the gravitational potential energy store of an object increases when it is lifted up because ______

A

work is done on it to overcome the gravitational force

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24
Q

when the ball gets closer to the floor the GPE decreases as KE increases. when the ball lands on the floor for a split second it has no GPE but when it rebounds up it starts to __________

A

increase in GPE and decreases in KE

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25
Q

1,000,000 J = ______MJ

A

1 MJ

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26
Q

why is gravity weaker on the moon

A

because there is less oxygen

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27
Q

formula for elastic potential energy

A

elastic potential energy = 0.5 x spring constant x extension^2

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28
Q

what is elastic potential energy

A

elastic potential energy is the energy stored in an elastic object when work is done on the object

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29
Q

what is an elastic material

A

Elastic materials are those kinds of materials that regain their original shape after removing the load. In other words, a material with elastic properties to regain its original shape by reversing the load is called elastic material. Elastic material obeys hooks’ law.

30
Q

what doe the elastic energy stored in stretched spring depend on

A
  • how hard it is to stretch the spring
    -how much the spring is stretched
31
Q

the higher you lift

A

more GPE/more kinetic energy at the bottoms

32
Q

why do rollercoasters start with a big drop

A

because they have more gravitation energy , therefore at the bottom if big drop there is more kinetic energy

33
Q

why do we use data loggers and light gates

A

because it gives us better accuracy

34
Q

conclusion of experiment

A

more mass = more GPE

35
Q

formula for work done

A

work done = force x distance

36
Q

units for work

A

newton ( Nm ) / Joules (J)

37
Q

zero distance =

A

zero work

38
Q

what does work mean in science

A

force moving a distance

39
Q

when friction increases m the force ______-

A

increases too

40
Q

wasted and useful energy when using drill

A

wasted : more heat energy than needed
drill is noisy
useful : uses kinetic energy

41
Q

what is useful energy and wasted energy ?

A

useful energy is energy that is needed .wasted enery is energy that is not needed

42
Q

Oil is a lubricant which helps reduce ____

A

friction

43
Q

efficiency formula

A

efficiency formula = useful energy transferred / energy supplied to appliance x 100%

44
Q

what is efficiency

A

efficiency is how good it is transferring USEFUL energy

45
Q

why are wasted energy stores less than 1.0 or 100% ?

A

Because you get out more than you put in

46
Q

are inadescent bulbs better or cfl bulbs ?

A

CFL

47
Q

what are the 2 main ways energy is supplied to homes

A
  • Gas
    -Electricity
48
Q

why are electrical appliances useful

A

as they are easy to use and are able to do things faster than if a human would , they are cleaner and convenient

49
Q

useful and wasted outputs of a washing machine ?

A

useful output :
- Kinetic
- heat
Wasted output :
- machine heats up
- sound

50
Q

why does the clockwork radio need to be wound up before it can be used ?

A

because the movement will create elastic potential energy in spring

51
Q

how does the energy store in clockwork radio change

A

from elastic kinetic energy to sound

52
Q

what is power

A

power is a measure of how much energy per second on appliances

53
Q

what is formula for power

A

power = energy/time

54
Q

formula for energy used ?

A

energy used = power x time

55
Q

3 high power appliances

A
  • oven
  • microwave
  • hair dryer
56
Q

3 low power appliances

A
  • alexa
    -wifi box
  • TV on standby
57
Q

what is power measured in

A

watts

58
Q

what is energy measured in

A

joules

59
Q

what is force measure in

A

newton

60
Q

what is distance measured in

A

metres

61
Q

what is gravitational field strength measure

A

Newtons per kilogram

62
Q

what is spring constant measure

A

newtons per metre

63
Q

what is extension measured in

A

metres

64
Q

what is elastic potential energy measured in ?

A

joules

65
Q

what is the useful energy in the efficiency formula

A

the amount of energy transferred

66
Q

what is the total impact in the efficiency formula

A

energy supplied to the appliance

67
Q

The solar cells on the roof of the house always face in the same direction.
Q.Explain one disadvantage caused by the solar cells only facing in one direction.

A

fixed) solar cells aren’t always pointed (directly) at the Sun
or
(fixed) solar cells don’t track the Sun (through the sky)

(fixed) solar cells don’t (always) receive maximum intensity of solar radiation
allow solar cells won’t receive as much (solar) energy
allow solar cells won’t generate as much electricity

68
Q

Why is it unlikely that all the UK’s electricity needs could be met by solar power systems?

A

very large area would need to be covered with solar cells

69
Q

The ball and the Earth form a system.
What is meant by ‘a system’?

A

a group of objects that interact

70
Q

As the diver falls towards the water there is a decrease in
her _____________________________________ energy.
As the diver falls towards the water there is an increase in
her _____________________________________ energy.

A

As the diver falls towards the water there is a decrease in
her gravitational potential energy.
As the diver falls towards the water there is an increase in
her kinetic energy.

Physics (13 decks)

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