General Issues in Psychotherapy Flashcards
(42 cards)
Han eyesnek concluded that…
therapy was of little benefit. His findings have been overturned but sparked years of research
What parties did Hans Strupp say have a stake in how well the psychotherapy works?
client, therapist, third parties (society, family which emphasizes the client’s ability to perform expected duties)
Ratings by the three parties can be informative, but how can the client be biased?
may be over eager to see positive results
Ratings by the three parties can be informative, but how can the therapist be biased?
only see a fraction of their lives, might feel that a negative evaluation of the client reflects negatively on their therapeutic skills
When should researchers ask if the therapy is effective?
immediately after? 6 months later? 1 year later? just know when the researchers ask this question, it may influence the results they see
How could the researchers assess if the therapy is effective?
questionnaires, interviews, behavioural observations
What is efficacy?
the extent to which behaviour works in the lab
Efficacy studies maximize…
internal validity to be able to draw cause and effects
What do results of efficacy studies show?
overall, psychotherapy works
the average person receiving therapy is better off than
80% of comparable others who don’t and benefits last and exceed the placebo effect
What does the transdiagnostic approach to efficacy studies focus on?
emotional disorders. because co-morbid disorders like GAD or MDD have different symptoms but maybe the same type of root
what needs treatment are not superficial symptoms but the underlying pathology
What were the 3 basic elements that Barlow and his colleagues focused on with the trans diagnostic approach?
- reducing the amount of negative thought in which clients engage
- prevent unhealthy ways of avoiding unpleasant feelings (ex: drugs)
- encouraging behaviour that facilitates positive rather than negative feelings (ex: exercise)
What is the gap between research and practice?
There is a gap between those research psychotherapy and those who practice it
What has been a useful dissemination strategy for bridging the gap between research and practice?
practitioners and researchers collaborate throughout efficacy research
Why is practice-oriented research better for application?
because including the therapists makes them more likely to use, accept and apply results
What is effectiveness?
the extent to which psychotherapy works in the real world
effectiveness studies have better…
external validity than internal validity
In effectiveness studies, There is greater variability in…(3)
the therapists methods, clients issues and diagnoses
Consumer reports of effectiveness studies say…(3)
- psychotherapy works
- therapy has positive effects
- results lasted over time
What are some methodological concerns with effectiveness studies? (2)
- sampling bias
2. no control group
What are two alternative ways to measure psychotherapy outcomes?
- neurobiological effects of therapy: fMRI, PET, etc.
2. medical cost offset: an indirect measure but if therapy is successful there should be a reduction in medical costs
supporters of various kinds of therapy often claim that..
their therapy is the best
What is the dodo bird effect?
that different therapies are equally effective
What are 2 ways that various therapies can be equally effective?
- common factors
2. three stage sequential model
