Overview of Models

Question 1

Psychodynamic: View of human nature

Answer 1

mental life is hidden from awareness and embroiled in conflict

Question 2

Psychodynamic: basic causal assumption

Answer 2

unconscious conflict stemming from childhood and replayed in present

Question 3

Psychodynamic: focus of therapy

Answer 3

unconscious conflict and maladaptive patterns stemming from these

Question 4

Psychodynamic: role of therapist

Answer 4

archeologist: guide client to understanding the roots of their current conflict

Question 5

Humanistic: View of human nature

Answer 5

human nature is growth oriented

Question 6

Humanistic: basic causal assumption

Answer 6

alienation from the true self caused by avoidance of threatening emotions

Question 7

Humanistic: focus of therapy

Answer 7

immediate experiences

Question 8

Humanistic: role of therapist

Answer 8

mirror: create a supportive emotional climate

Question 9

Behavioural: View of human nature

Answer 9

human behaviour is learned primarily via conditioning & reinforcement

Question 10

behavioural: causal assumption

Answer 10

learned maladaptive responses to situations

Question 11

behavioural: focus of therapy

Answer 11

specific overt behaviours, their triggers and reinforcing consequences

Question 12

Behavioural: role of the therapist

Answer 12

Coach: help the client identify, plan and execute specific behavioural changes and conditions for maintaining them

Question 13

Cognitive: View of human nature

Answer 13

cognitions are learned and mediate between events (stimuli) and actions (responses)

Question 14

Cognitive: causal assumption

Answer 14

learned maladaptive cognitions, about the self usually

Question 15

Cognitive: focus of therapy

Answer 15

maladaptive cognitions (attributions, beliefs) that mediate between antecedents and consequences

Question 16

Cognitive: role of therapist

Answer 16

Scientist - help the client learn to identify, challenge, and replace habitual maladaptive thoughts